Browsing by Subject "OCD"
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(2021)Olkanivelen osteokondroosi on paikallinen rustosyntyisen luutumisen häiriö, jota tavataan yleisesti nuorilla keskikokoisilla ja suurilla koirilla. Osteokondroosi jaetaan kolmelle eri vakavuusasteelle, joista vakavin on osteochondrosis dissecans eli OCD. Tässä osteokondroosi on aiheuttanut nivelruston halkeamisen ja niveleen tulehdustilan nivelnesteen päästessä yhteyteen rustonalaisen luun kanssa. Aiemmin on todettu, että osteokondroosimuutoksen koolla on yhteys kipuun, mutta ei ole tietoa muutosten koon, muodon, sijainnin tai irtopalojen suhteesta kivun voimakkuuteen. Tämä lisensiaatintutkielma sisältää kliinisen alkuperäistutkimuksen kuvantamisesta koiran olkanivelen osteokondroosin diagnostiikassa. Tutkimus on tehty osana Helsingin yliopiston COPLA ScaffoldTM-rustonkorjausistutetutkimusta. Työn tarkoituksena oli kartoittaa ja vertailla ensimmäisen käynnin yhteydessä tehtyjä löydöksiä. Hypoteesina oli, että muutoksen koko röntgenkuvassa (pituus, syvyys) ja tietokonetomografiatutkimuksessa eli CT-tutkimuksessa (pituus, syvyys, leveys, suurin halkaisija) korreloi koiran kivun voimakkuuden kanssa (ontuman ja taivutuskivun voimakkuus, olkanivelen liikelaajuus). Myös muutoksen sijainnilla, muodolla, ja kuvantamisessa todetuilla irtopaloilla oletettiin olevan korrelaatio kivun voimakkuuden kanssa. Hypoteesina oli myös, että CT-tutkimus on röntgenkuvausta tarkempi kuvantamismenetelmä. Aineistona tässä tutkimuksessa käytettiin COPLA ScaffoldTM-rustonkorjausistutetutkimukseen osallistuneiden koirien tietoja. Aineisto on kerätty vuosina 2017–2020. Tähän tutkielmaan otettiin mukaan tutkimukseen osallistuneiden koirien ne olkanivelet, joissa todettiin osteokondroosimuutoksia CT-tutkimuksessa ja röntgenkuvassa (n=47). Koirien paino ensimmäisellä käynnillä oli 15–45 kg ja ne olivat iältään 5–8 kk. Todettuja muutoksia verrattiin eläinlääkärin suorittamaan ontumatutkimukseen, jossa arvioitiin ontuman voimakkuus, olkanivelen taivutuskivun voimakkuus sekä olkanivelen liikelaajuus. Tutkimustulokset vastasivat osittain hypoteeseja. Olkanivelen osteokondroosimuutoksen pituuden, leveyden ja kivun voimakkuuden välillä havaittiin tilastollisesti merkitsevä positiivinen korrelaatio. Muutoksen pituuden, leveyden ja liikelaajuuden välillä havaittiin tilastollisesti merkitsevä negatiivinen korrelaatio. Kuitenkaan muutoksen syvyyden, muodon, sijainnin tai sen, oliko nivelessä irtopalaa, ja kivun voimakkuuden tai liikelaajuuden välillä ei havaittu tilastollisesti merkitsevää yhteyttä. Tämän perusteella voidaan päätellä, että osteokondroosimuutoksen pituus ja leveys ovat merkittävimpiä tekijöitä suhteessa koiran kipuun ja se tulisi huomioida hoidon suunnittelussa. CT-tutkimuksista ja röntgenkuvista mitattujen pituuksien ja syvyyksien välillä oli tilastollisesti merkitsevä positiivinen korrelaatio. Pituusmittojen korrelaatio oli voimakas, mutta syvyysmittojen vain kohtalainen, joten voidaan päätellä, että CT-tutkimus on röntgenkuvausta tarkempi kuvantamismenetelmä muutoksen syvyyden suhteen hypoteesin mukaisesti. Koiran olkanivelen osteokondroosi pystytään yleensä diagnosoimaan hyvin röntgenkuvan perusteella, mutta jos muutos on hyvin matala, saadaan CT-tutkimuksesta tarkempaa tietoa. CT-tutkimuksesta on hyötyä myös silloin, jos halutaan vielä yksityiskohtaisempaa tietoa osteokondroosimuutoksen muodosta, sijainnista tai irtopaloista esimerkiksi hoitomenetelmän valitsemiseksi.
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(2018)Psilocybin assisted psychotherapy is a combined psychological and psychopharmacological mental health intervention. It is currently in research for the treatment of mood and personality disorders, and addiction. Psilocybin is a short-lasting central nervous system drug which can produce a psychedelic experience. Its clinical applications have been studied in the 60s and 70s and again during the 21th Century. In this review I examine the theoretical characteristics of psilocybin assisted psychotherapy and outline the practical arrangements of a psilocybin session. My primary sources are first and second phase clinical studies published this century during the new wave of psychedelic research. A psychedelic experience is an altered state of consciousness affecting perception, emotions and cognitions. The experience frequently provides insights into oneself and one’s connectedness to the surroundings. Research suggests the safety of therapeutic dose psilocybin use and good tolerability in a controlled environment. A psychedelic experience within a therapeutic setting appears to decrease mental health disorder symptoms and promote positive life-style changes. The pharmacological effects of psilocybin last for six hours. The method requires a novel session structure. The session is planned to maximize the positive impact of a psychedelic experience. Verbal interaction is hindered by the effects of psilocybin and discussion is left for other sessions. For the duration of the experience, the participant is encouraged to lay down, wear a sleep mask, and listen to a carefully created playlist. Two therapists with personal experience in altered states of consciousness are present by the participant. Psilocybin may occasion intense but transient anxiety which has subsided through the therapists’ psychological support in clinical research settings.
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(2023)Aim: A number of different and effective medical and psychological treatments have been developed for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. However, not everybody benefits from these treatments. The Bergen 4-day Treatment is a new and intensive therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder. There have been promising results of its effectiveness in individual studies. The aim of this literature review was to examine the effectiveness of The Bergen 4-day Treatment in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Methods: Literacy search was conducted by searching the PubMed and Web of Sciences databases with the search term “Bergen 4-day treatment”. In addition to this, studies were also searched for in the bibliography of the articles selected for the review. The age group of the studies was limited to adults and nine studies were selected. Results and conclusions: Treatment led to a significant reduction in obsessive- compulsive symptoms and effects were found to persist for up to four years of follow- up. The treatment also reduced symptoms of anxiety and depression and had a positive effect on the ability to work. Treatment discontinuations were low, and patients were generally very satisfied with the treatment. Based on the literature review, The Bergen 4-day Treatment seems like a promising treatment for obsessive- compulsive disorder in adults. However, only one RCT study has been conducted on the treatment, so the results should be viewed with caution in the absence of control groups and randomization of patients.
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(2018)The aim of this study was to provide visibility to everyday life challenges caused by the Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome. Through the experiences of the parents of children and adolescents with Tourettes, this research has aimed to examine what kinds of challenges Tourettes causes, how it is recognized within welfare and education, and what kinds of support are available. When compared to other neuropsychiatric disorders, very little re-search on Tourettes exists. Likewise, there is not much literature about Tourettes availa-ble in Finnish, so herein lies a need for a study such as this. Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome is a common neuropsychiatric disorder with onset in childhood, characterized by multiple motor tics, and at least one vocal (phonic) tic. A symptom called coprolalia, the utterance of obscene words, has made Tourettes, other-wise quite a rare syndrom, famous. Symptoms of Tourettes are usually divided into mo-tor and vocal tics. This research represents a new way to divide its symptoms and high-light its challenges, i.e. internal and external symptoms. The data was collected from Facebook peer-group volunteers by using Helsinki Universi-ty’s e-form. A qualitative study of a total of 23 participants' experiences of the challeng-es of children and adolescents with Tourettes emphasizes multiple symptoms and every-day life challenges. The results indicate that most challenges are caused by internal symptoms, like aggression and tantrums. The frequency of these should be pointed out in literature. Most challenging in schools was the lack of understanding with regards to the involuntary nature of tics, and the demand of authorized diagnoses before granting pupils support for their studies. The Finnish support system is not based on medicaliza-tion, so this aspect is in need of development, since a child who has Tourettes is chal-lenging not only for their parents’ relationship, but also for their own relationship with their siblings. Therefore, more support for the family should be provided.
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(2018)The aim of this study was to provide visibility to everyday life challenges caused by the Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome. Through the experiences of the parents of children and adolescents with Tourettes, this research has aimed to examine what kinds of challenges Tourettes causes, how it is recognized within welfare and education, and what kinds of support are available. When compared to other neuropsychiatric disorders, very little re-search on Tourettes exists. Likewise, there is not much literature about Tourettes availa-ble in Finnish, so herein lies a need for a study such as this. Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome is a common neuropsychiatric disorder with onset in childhood, characterized by multiple motor tics, and at least one vocal (phonic) tic. A symptom called coprolalia, the utterance of obscene words, has made Tourettes, other-wise quite a rare syndrom, famous. Symptoms of Tourettes are usually divided into mo-tor and vocal tics. This research represents a new way to divide its symptoms and high-light its challenges, i.e. internal and external symptoms. The data was collected from Facebook peer-group volunteers by using Helsinki Universi-ty’s e-form. A qualitative study of a total of 23 participants' experiences of the challeng-es of children and adolescents with Tourettes emphasizes multiple symptoms and every-day life challenges. The results indicate that most challenges are caused by internal symptoms, like aggression and tantrums. The frequency of these should be pointed out in literature. Most challenging in schools was the lack of understanding with regards to the involuntary nature of tics, and the demand of authorized diagnoses before granting pupils support for their studies. The Finnish support system is not based on medicaliza-tion, so this aspect is in need of development, since a child who has Tourettes is chal-lenging not only for their parents’ relationship, but also for their own relationship with their siblings. Therefore, more support for the family should be provided.
Now showing items 1-5 of 5