Browsing by Subject "esiopetus"
Now showing items 1-20 of 146
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(2018)Aim. In pre-primary education ADHD-diagnosed children can be found in special groups, integrated groups and also in ordinary groups. It is important that teachers, who work in pre-primary education groups, recognize the individual needs of ADHD-diagnosed children and consider them in all teaching situations, including physical education. The purpose of this study was to find out the needs of ADHD-diagnosed children in pre-primary education during physical education and teachers’ ways to consider these needs. Methods. This study was a qualitative study. The material was collected in January 2018 by interviewing four pre-primary teachers working in the Helsinki metropolitan area, whose groups included an ADHD-diagnosed child. The interviewees were all trained as kindergarten teachers and one of the interviewees was also a qualified special kindergarten teacher. All pre-primary education teachers had at least 15 years of teaching experience and two interviewees had also worked as a day-care centre’s manager. The interviews were conducted as theme interviews in the pre-primary teachers’ workplaces. After the interviews, the material was transcribed and analyzed by content analysis. Results. The results showed that some of the ADHD-diagnosed children had difficulties with regulating their behaviour and emotions. Additionally, one ADHD-diagnosed child had weak motor skills and two very low self-esteem. The needs of ADHD-diagnosed children in physical education were, in spite of the common diagnosis, individualised. Pre-primary teachers make sure to consider ADHD-diagnosed children’s needs in physical education making sure that children have various options to move, simplifying the teaching situations, developing routines that add the feeling of safety and strengthening the child’s self-esteem for example giving lots of positive feedback. All pre-primary teachers evaluated the meaning of physical education as very important in their group that includes ADHD-diagnosed child. Tiivistelmä - Referat - Abstract Aim. In pre-primary education ADHD-diagnosed children can be found in special groups, integrated groups and also in ordinary groups. It is important that teachers, who work in pre-primary education groups, recognize the individual needs of ADHD-diagnosed children and consider them in all teaching situations, including physical education. The purpose of this study was to find out the needs of ADHD-diagnosed children in pre-primary education during physical education and teachers’ ways to consider these needs. Methods. This study was a qualitative study. The material was collected in January 2018 by interviewing four pre-primary teachers working in the Helsinki metropolitan area, whose groups included an ADHD-diagnosed child. The interviewees were all trained as kindergarten teachers and one of the interviewees was also a qualified special kindergarten teacher. All pre-primary education teachers had at least 15 years of teaching experience and two interviewees had also worked as a day-care centre’s manager. The interviews were conducted as theme interviews in the pre-primary teachers’ workplaces. After the interviews, the material was transcribed and analyzed by content analysis. Results. The results showed that some of the ADHD-diagnosed children had difficulties with regulating their behaviour and emotions. Additionally, one ADHD-diagnosed child had weak motor skills and two very low self-esteem. The needs of ADHD-diagnosed children in physical education were, in spite of the common diagnosis, individualised. Pre-primary teachers make sure to consider ADHD-diagnosed children’s needs in physical education making sure that children have various options to move, simplifying the teaching situations, developing routines that add the feeling of safety and strengthening the child’s self-esteem for example giving lots of positive feedback. All pre-primary teachers evaluated the meaning of physical education as very important in their group that includes ADHD-diagnosed child.
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(2024)Tavoitteet. Tarkastelen tutkimuksessa, miten esiopetusikäisten lasten fyysistä aktiivisuutta tuetaan esiopetuksessa. Päivittäinen fyysinen aktiivisuus on osa lasten normaalia kasvua ja kehitystä. Alle kahdeksanvuotiaat lapset tarvitsevat fyysistä aktiivisuutta noin kolme tuntia päivässä. Lapset viettävät esiopetuksessa suuren osan päivistään, joten fyysisen aktiivisuuden tukeminen esiopetuksessa on keskeistä lapsen normaalille kasvulle ja kehitykselle. Aikaisemmista tutkimuksista tiedetään, että lasten fyysisen aktiivisuuden tukemisessa korostuu etenkin lapsilähtöinen pedagogiikka ja oppimisympäristöjen merkitys. Tutkimukseni tavoitteena on kuvailla, miten esiopetuksessa tuetaan lasten fyysistä aktiivisuutta ja millaiset tekijät rajoittavat lasten fyysisen aktiivisuuden toteutumista esiopetuksesta vastaavien varhaiskasvatuksen opettajien mukaan. Menetelmät. Aineisto kerättiin haastattelemalla kolmea esiopetuksesta vastaavaa varhaiskasvatuksen opettajaa. Haastattelut olivat puolistrukturoituja asiantuntijahaastatteluja. Menetelmällä tavoiteltiin aineistoa, joka vastaisi tutkimuskysymyksiin mahdollisimman kattavasti. Aineisto analysoitiin teema-analyysin keinoin, jonka avulla aineistosta muodostettiin pääteemoja ja alateemoja tutkittavasta ilmiöstä. Aineistosta tehtyjä havaintoja tulkittiin tutkimuksen teoreettista taustaa hyödyntäen. Tulokset ja johtopäätökset. Tutkimuksesta tunnistin monia esiopetusikäisten lasten fyysistä aktiivisuutta tukevia asioita. Fyysistä aktiivisuutta edistäviin asioihin lukeutui opettajien käyttämä lapsilähtöinen liikuntapedagogiikka ja ulkotiloissa tapahtunut toiminta. Lasten fyysisen aktiivisuuden tukemista rajoitti eniten sisätiloissa toimiminen sekä lasten kielteinen asenne toimintaa kohtaan. Tutkimuksen tulokset ovat pitkälti linjassa tutkimuksessa käytetyn teoreettisen taustan kanssa muutamia havaintoja lukuun ottamatta. Tuloksia tarkastellessa voidaan todeta, että esiopetuksessa lapsia tuetaan ohjatussa ja omaehtoisessa fyysisessä aktiivisuudessa. Jatkotutkimuksissa tulisi tutkia, miten esiopetuksen sisätiloista saisi muodostettua kokonaisuuksia, jotka tukisivat lasten fyysistä aktiivisuutta tehokkaammin.
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(2017)The purpose of this thesis was to study the assessment mentioned in Core Curriculum for Pre-Primary Education. Previous studies have shown that it can be seen transitions from comprehensive assessment to individual assessment and documentation of child’s development and learning in Finnish early childhood education. The Core Curriculum is an administrative document that guides the local curriculum work. It is also a part of curriculum including pedagogical guidance. The aim of this thesis was to specify how the assessment in National Core Curriculum for Pre-Primary Education is defined and how the core curriculum will guide the assessment. The objective was also to study the changes to the references related to the assessment in core curriculum. The theoretical framework of this study is consisted of research and literature about the assessment in early childhood and pre-primary education and about core curriculum. This thesis was carried out as a qualitative research and the theoretical framework is a social constructionism. The research data and material consisted of Core Curricula for Pre-Primary Education 2000, 2010 and 2014 published on the website of Finnish National Board of Education. The data were analyzed using critical discourse analysis, but also based on an analytic orientation approach and text-oriented. On the grounds of the study results the amount of references related to the assessment has increased and become more exact in Core Curricula for Pre-Primary Education in 2000, 2010 and 2014. Though, only in Core Curriculum 2014 the assessment was defined as a concept. It could be seen the emphases of child´s individual assessment. This is the result of practices concerning the support for growth and learning which are added to Core Curriculum for Pre-Primary Education in 2010 and specified in 2014. Based on the study results, these practices have brought individual support needs and early identification and intervention in pre-primary education. These include a thought about child’s individual assessment which enables that the support needs can be identificated and can be influenced. Interpretations and classifications made on the basis of the assessment will enable to targeting support as accurately as possible. These involve also features that standardize children and childhood. The analysis indicates that the general principles in the core curriculum emphasize more child’s assessment than assessment of pre-primary education operation but the situation is changing. The latest Core Curriculum for Pre-Primary Education 2014 emphasized in assessment increasingly the action of pre-primary education and learning environment. The assessment in pre-primary education, especially the assessment of operation seem to be associated with discourse of quality mentioned in previous studies. How the changes will be seen in practices of the pre-primary education i.e. how the guidance of core curriculum will affect in future, is the subject of future studies. This thesis will provide further information about the assessment in National Core Curriculum for Pre-Primary Education and it will form basis for further discussions.
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(2017)The purpose of this thesis was to study the assessment mentioned in Core Curriculum for Pre-Primary Education. Previous studies have shown that it can be seen transitions from comprehensive assessment to individual assessment and documentation of child's development and learning in Finnish early childhood education. The Core Curriculum is an administrative document that guides the local curriculum work. It is also a part of curriculum including pedagogical guidance. The aim of this thesis was to specify how the assessment in National Core Curriculum for Pre-Primary Education is defined and how the core curriculum will guide the assessment. The objective was also to study the changes to the references related to the assessment in core curriculum. The theoretical framework of this study is consisted of research and literature about the assessment in early childhood and pre-primary education and about core curriculum. This thesis was carried out as a qualitative research and the theoretical framework is a social constructionism. The research data and material consisted of Core Curricula for Pre-Primary Education 2000, 2010 and 2014 published on the website of Finnish National Board of Education. The data were analyzed using critical discourse analysis, but also based on an analytic orientation approach and text-oriented. On the grounds of the study results the amount of references related to the assessment has increased and become more exact in Core Curricula for Pre-Primary Education in 2000, 2010 and 2014. Though, only in Core Curriculum 2014 the assessment was defined as a concept. It could be seen the emphases of child's individual assessment. This is the result of practices concerning the support for growth and learning which are added to Core Curriculum for Pre-Primary Education in 2010 and specified in 2014. Based on the study results, these practices have brought individual support needs and early identification and intervention in pre-primary education. These include a thought about child's individual assessment which enables that the support needs can be identificated and can be influenced. Interpretations and classifications made on the basis of the assessment will enable to targeting support as accurately as possible. These involve also features that standardize children and childhood. The analysis indicates that the general principles in the core curriculum emphasize more child's assessment than assessment of pre-primary education operation but the situation is changing. The latest Core Curriculum for Pre-Primary Education 2014 emphasized in assessment increasingly the action of pre-primary education and learning environment. The assessment in pre-primary education, especially the assessment of operation seem to be associated with discourse of quality mentioned in previous studies. How the changes will be seen in practices of the pre-primary education i.e. how the guidance of core curriculum will affect in future, is the subject of future studies. This thesis will provide further information about the assessment in National Core Curriculum for Pre-Primary Education and it will form basis for further discussions.
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(2021)Tiivistelmä - Referat – Abstract Several studies show that early childhood education and care, and in particular pre-primary education, play a key role in supporting and preventing learning difficulties. However, it is common for a child to not receive a learning difficulty diagnosis before school age. Late diagnosis is often caused by the individuality and comorbidity of learning difficulties with other developmental challenges. It is important that early childhood education teachers, who work in pre-primary education, identify children at potential risk of learning difficulties. At the same time, they must also be familiar with the mechanisms of learning difficulties and effective methods for supporting and preventing potential difficulties at school. The aim of this study was to study the methods used in pre-primary education to support and prevent learning difficulties. The aim was also to find out how consciously and on what grounds preschool teachers choose different methods to support their teaching. At the center of this study were methods related to reading and mathematical skills. Three research questions were used to find answers to these topics. The research data was collected in December 2020 and January 2021 by interviewing five early childhood education teachers. They all worked in a preschool from the City of Helsinki daycare. The data was collected by a semi-structured theme interview and the analysis method was the qualitative content analysis. Based on this study, teachers considered it important to support and prevent learning difficulties already in pre-primary education. They felt that they had sufficient capacity and knowledge regarding learning difficulties and that they could identify the children who might need support for learning. Teachers used mostly general pedagogical methods to support children's learning in reading and mathematics. Methods were mostly based on curriculum for the primary education. Teachers emphasized physical activity, functionality, and integration with other learning content to support reading and mathematical skills. Awareness of available methods related to the prevention of learning difficulties was clearly low and incomplete. Furthermore, the use of various materials and methods was not clearly justified in relation to the prevention of possible difficulties. Teachers chose methods, based on their own habits and material that was available in the daycare center. Preschool-teachers' overall awareness of learning difficulties, their occurrence, and preventive factors and methods, appears to be low and incomplete.
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(2021)Tiivistelmä - Referat – Abstract Several studies show that early childhood education and care, and in particular pre-primary education, play a key role in supporting and preventing learning difficulties. However, it is common for a child to not receive a learning difficulty diagnosis before school age. Late diagnosis is often caused by the individuality and comorbidity of learning difficulties with other developmental challenges. It is important that early childhood education teachers, who work in pre-primary education, identify children at potential risk of learning difficulties. At the same time, they must also be familiar with the mechanisms of learning difficulties and effective methods for supporting and preventing potential difficulties at school. The aim of this study was to study the methods used in pre-primary education to support and prevent learning difficulties. The aim was also to find out how consciously and on what grounds preschool teachers choose different methods to support their teaching. At the center of this study were methods related to reading and mathematical skills. Three research questions were used to find answers to these topics. The research data was collected in December 2020 and January 2021 by interviewing five early childhood education teachers. They all worked in a preschool from the City of Helsinki daycare. The data was collected by a semi-structured theme interview and the analysis method was the qualitative content analysis. Based on this study, teachers considered it important to support and prevent learning difficulties already in pre-primary education. They felt that they had sufficient capacity and knowledge regarding learning difficulties and that they could identify the children who might need support for learning. Teachers used mostly general pedagogical methods to support children's learning in reading and mathematics. Methods were mostly based on curriculum for the primary education. Teachers emphasized physical activity, functionality, and integration with other learning content to support reading and mathematical skills. Awareness of available methods related to the prevention of learning difficulties was clearly low and incomplete. Furthermore, the use of various materials and methods was not clearly justified in relation to the prevention of possible difficulties. Teachers chose methods, based on their own habits and material that was available in the daycare center. Preschool-teachers' overall awareness of learning difficulties, their occurrence, and preventive factors and methods, appears to be low and incomplete.
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(2021)Tutkielmassa tarkastellaan, miten ruotsinkielistä kielikylpyesiopetusta käyvät lapset ymmärtävät ja puhuvat ruotsia. Lapsille luetaan ruotsiksi alku Selma Lagerlöfin tarinasta Nils Holgersson. Tarina on selkokielinen ja tarkoitettu 6–8-vuotiaille lapsille. Tutkielman tarkoitus on selvittää, miten esiopetusikäiset lapset hallitsevat ruotsin kielen. Kielen hallitsemista kartoitetaan kolmen osa-alueen kautta: miten lapset ymmärtävät ruotsinkielisen tarinan sanaston ja juonen sekä miten he puhuvat ruotsia. Aineisto on kerätty keväällä 2019 teemahaastatteluilla. Tutkimukseen osallistui kaksi kielikylpypäiväkotia pääkaupunkiseudulta. Tutkimukseen valikoitui 20 lasta. Lapset jaettiin yhteensä kuuteen ryhmään sen perusteella, miten lapset käyttävät ruotsia päiväkodin arjessa: ruotsia paljon, jonkun verran, vähän ja ei ollenkaan puhuvat. Ryhmissä on vain saman päiväkodin lapsia. Haastateltavista lapsista tyttöjä on 14 ja poikia 6. Kolme lapsista aloittaa esiopetuksessa vasta seuraavana vuonna. Näiden kolmen lapsen kielitaitoa tarkastelemalla voidaan analysoida, miten ruotsin kielen osaaminen kehittyy ensimmäisen vuoden aikana kielikylvyssä. Tutkimus on kvalitatiivinen ja tutkimuksen metodi on sisällönanalyysi. Keskeisenä lähtökohtana on lasten sanavaraston kartoitus kolmen tarinassa esiintyneen sanan avulla: en pyssling, en näbb ja en gås. Analyysi on rakennettu materiaalista esiin nousseiden teemojen mukaan. Tutkimuksesta selviää, että lapset hallitsevat ruotsin kielen pääosin hyvin. Lapset ymmärtävät sanastoa kuvien, eleiden ja selitysten tuella. Sanaston ymmärtämisessä ilmenee pieniä eroja ryhmien välillä. Päiväkotien välillä esiintyy myös eroavaisuuksia. Erot ennustavat, miten ryhmät pärjäävät ruotsin ymmärtämisessä ja kuinka paljon he puhuvat ruotsia haastatteluiden aikana. Juonen ja keskustelun onnistunut seuraaminen on yhteydessä lasten ruotsin kielen suulliseen taitoon. Ryhmät, jotka muodostuvat paljon ruotsia puhuvista lapsista pärjäävät parhaiten kaikissa osa-alueissa. Lapset osoittavat ruotsin ymmärrystä kysymällä tarinasta tai arvaamalla sanojen merkityksiä suomeksi oikeasta teemasta. Ruotsin suullinen taito vaihtelee paljon. Osa lapsista puhuu ruotsia vain muutaman sanan haastattelun aikana. Kolme ryhmää käyttävät uudestaan ruotsinkielisiä sanoja tai lauserakenteita, jotka he kuulevat tarinasta tai haastattelijalta. Osassa ryhmistä esiintyy koodinvaihtoa. Tutkimustulokset osoittavat, että kielikylpyesikoululaisten ruotsin kielen hallitsemisessa on vuonna 2019 paljon samoja piirteitä kuin tutkimuksissa, joiden materiaalit on kerätty 1990-luvulla. Tutkimuksessa nousi esiin eroja tyttöjen ja poikien tavassa kommunikoida ryhmässä. Sekaryhmissä tytöt ovat hiljaisempia kuin pojat. Havainto herättää jatkotutkimusidean tyttöjen ja poikien erilaisesta tavasta kommunikoida kielikylvyn arjessa.
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(2021)Tutkielmassa tarkastellaan, miten ruotsinkielistä kielikylpyesiopetusta käyvät lapset ymmärtävät ja puhuvat ruotsia. Lapsille luetaan ruotsiksi alku Selma Lagerlöfin tarinasta Nils Holgersson. Tarina on selkokielinen ja tarkoitettu 6–8-vuotiaille lapsille. Tutkielman tarkoitus on selvittää, miten esiopetusikäiset lapset hallitsevat ruotsin kielen. Kielen hallitsemista kartoitetaan kolmen osa-alueen kautta: miten lapset ymmärtävät ruotsinkielisen tarinan sanaston ja juonen sekä miten he puhuvat ruotsia. Aineisto on kerätty keväällä 2019 teemahaastatteluilla. Tutkimukseen osallistui kaksi kielikylpypäiväkotia pääkaupunkiseudulta. Tutkimukseen valikoitui 20 lasta. Lapset jaettiin yhteensä kuuteen ryhmään sen perusteella, miten lapset käyttävät ruotsia päiväkodin arjessa: ruotsia paljon, jonkun verran, vähän ja ei ollenkaan puhuvat. Ryhmissä on vain saman päiväkodin lapsia. Haastateltavista lapsista tyttöjä on 14 ja poikia 6. Kolme lapsista aloittaa esiopetuksessa vasta seuraavana vuonna. Näiden kolmen lapsen kielitaitoa tarkastelemalla voidaan analysoida, miten ruotsin kielen osaaminen kehittyy ensimmäisen vuoden aikana kielikylvyssä. Tutkimus on kvalitatiivinen ja tutkimuksen metodi on sisällönanalyysi. Keskeisenä lähtökohtana on lasten sanavaraston kartoitus kolmen tarinassa esiintyneen sanan avulla: en pyssling, en näbb ja en gås. Analyysi on rakennettu materiaalista esiin nousseiden teemojen mukaan. Tutkimuksesta selviää, että lapset hallitsevat ruotsin kielen pääosin hyvin. Lapset ymmärtävät sanastoa kuvien, eleiden ja selitysten tuella. Sanaston ymmärtämisessä ilmenee pieniä eroja ryhmien välillä. Päiväkotien välillä esiintyy myös eroavaisuuksia. Erot ennustavat, miten ryhmät pärjäävät ruotsin ymmärtämisessä ja kuinka paljon he puhuvat ruotsia haastatteluiden aikana. Juonen ja keskustelun onnistunut seuraaminen on yhteydessä lasten ruotsin kielen suulliseen taitoon. Ryhmät, jotka muodostuvat paljon ruotsia puhuvista lapsista pärjäävät parhaiten kaikissa osa-alueissa. Lapset osoittavat ruotsin ymmärrystä kysymällä tarinasta tai arvaamalla sanojen merkityksiä suomeksi oikeasta teemasta. Ruotsin suullinen taito vaihtelee paljon. Osa lapsista puhuu ruotsia vain muutaman sanan haastattelun aikana. Kolme ryhmää käyttävät uudestaan ruotsinkielisiä sanoja tai lauserakenteita, jotka he kuulevat tarinasta tai haastattelijalta. Osassa ryhmistä esiintyy koodinvaihtoa. Tutkimustulokset osoittavat, että kielikylpyesikoululaisten ruotsin kielen hallitsemisessa on vuonna 2019 paljon samoja piirteitä kuin tutkimuksissa, joiden materiaalit on kerätty 1990-luvulla. Tutkimuksessa nousi esiin eroja tyttöjen ja poikien tavassa kommunikoida ryhmässä. Sekaryhmissä tytöt ovat hiljaisempia kuin pojat. Havainto herättää jatkotutkimusidean tyttöjen ja poikien erilaisesta tavasta kommunikoida kielikylvyn arjessa.
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(2017)The purpose of this Bachelor´s Thesis was to examine the amount of digital devices and the use of them on the finnish pre-primary education of Espoo. This thesis examined also was there any factor what prevents the use. The National Core Curriculum for Pre-School Education (2014) and the Espoo Pre-Primary Education Curriculum (2016) emphasize the information and communication technology competence. The previous studies show that the utilization of infor-mation and community technology in early childhood education is low. In addition, there is little qualitative research information of the pedagogical utilization of the information and comminty technology. This thesis was conducted by a quantative method. The data was collected by an online survey. The onley survey was built on the basis of previous studies and the objectives of the National Core Curriculum of Pre-School Education (2014). The target group of the research was selected pre-school teachers of Espoo Finnish early childhood ecucation, who have the windows devices on their pre-primary groups. The data was analyzed by a IBM SPSS Statistics 24.0 -statistical program. The thsesis found that the digital devices were versatile in the pre-school goups of the Espoo Finnish early childhood education. Half of the respondents used their digital devices pedagogically. In addition to the pre-school teacher, the other adults and children used the digital devices. The children´s use of the devices was supervised and controlled. Chilren used the tablets more regularly than the other devices. Pre-School teachers utilized the applications and digital learning enviroments to support expression skills and linguistic and mathematical skills. The biggest factor prevents the use of the devices was the failure of the devices.
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(2015)The aim of the study: The preschool education of mathematics has been studied fairly little. However, the earlier studies have showed that mathematical education in preschool has failed to compensate the differences in mathematical skills of the pre-schoolers. The aim of this study was to find out how the Varga Neményi teaching method effects in the Finnish preschool education and especially for children with problems in their learning or development. The effectiveness of the teaching method was studied from the view of children's mathematical abilities and their involvement to activity. Also children's opinions of mathematics and themselves as learners of mathematic were studied. Research method: Multiple research methods have been used in this study. The study has features of the action research. The intervention of mathematic, based on Varga Neményi-teaching method, was carried out in preschool group with children of special needs. All ten pre-schoolers participated in the research. Some of the children had need for intensified or special support. Children's skills in mathematics were studied using MAVALKA 1 – survey in the beginning and in the end of the intervention. Children's involvement to activity was observed and assessed using LIS-YC Scale also in the beginning and in the end of intervention. Children's opinions of mathematics and themselves as learners of mathematics were studied with interviews and drawings. Findings and conclusions: The engagement of children was statistically significantly higher during the mathematic lessons based on Varga Neményi- method than during the other type of preschool action. The engagement of children strengthened during the intervention both in mathematics and in other preschool activities. Children's skills in mathematics improved during the intervention. The skills in mathematics of the children with lower performance in the beginning of the intervention improved the most. The children experienced mathematics to be something functional, interactive and mainly pleasant. In the light of these findings, the Varga Neményi teaching method seems to suit well to the Finnish pre-school education, and for children with special needs.
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(2017)The purpose of this study was to gather information on what kind of experiences there are from the use of drama education in the Finnish early childhood education and pre-school education. The objective was to review existing studies, about the use of drama education from the perspective of children’s participation. The research problem was to find out how children's participation takes place and how kindergarten teacher supports children's participation in drama. Principles of drama education can be seen as supporting children's participation, but research data on its use in kindergartens is scarce. The purpose of this study is to increase knowledge about drama education benefits in supporting children's participation and to encourage kindergarten teachers to use drama education in their own work. Systematic literature review policies have been used in this study. Final studies for the literature review were selected using acceptance and exclusion criteria. The final studies are three Finnish doctoral studies. All the doctoral studies are individual case studies of the use of drama education in kindergarten. The original material was examined from the perspective of the research questions. They were analysed using content analysis methods, and the results were compiled together. All primary studies showed that drama was supporting children’s participation. Drama activities were characterized by children's opportunity to contribute, of children’s and adults’ collaboration, sense of community and the opportunity for individual participation. From kindergarten teacher the drama education required good pedagogic skills, commitment in the planning and implementation of the drama, daring to indulge in drama and courage to let go of the traditional authority position, flexibility, presence and sensitivity. The length of processes and kindergarten teachers’ previous experiences in the use of drama influenced in the results. The basis of this literature review was that drama education is a good way to enable child’s experience of participation and enhance a sense of community in the kindergarten.
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(2019)Objectives. In order to maintain a child’s interest and excitement for learning, development-appropriate differentiated instruction designed to fit the child’s needs and abilities is necessary. Failing to differentiate instruction for a linguistically gifted child may result in frustration, and a negative connotation towards learning altogether may arise. I chose differentiated instruction for gifted children as the subject of my thesis, as I’ve noticed the lack of its implementation in several preschools. The base theory of my thesis is built around the development of children’s linguistic skills, learning reading and writing, gifted children, differentiation and the Finnish preschool curriculum. The objective of this study is to examine how differentiated instruction of language learning is implemented in preschools and how pre-primary teachers view differentiation and its significance. Methods. The study was carried out using qualitative methods. Material was collected by interviewing five pre-primary teachers in Järvenpää in January 2019 and it was then analyzed with a theory-based content analysis. The book Onnistu eriyttämisessä – toimivan opetuksen opas (2018) by Roiha and Polso, and a five-part differentiation model the book contains, was used as the base theory for analyzation. I developed a categorization system for grouping results partly based on said model and partly by gathering information from my interview material. Lastly, I formed an analyzation frame, by which I was able to analyze results. Results and conclusions. Based on my findings, instruction was differentiated for gifted children via various methods. Especially varying difficulty of assignments, modifying learning environments, differentiation of learning material and adaptive situational grouping of children into skill-based groups stood out from the material. Differentiated instruction was thought to be highly significant among all interviewees. Even though differentiating instruction for gifted children was, on level of thought, considered to be as important as differentiation for children with challenges in learning, the latter was emphasized in everyday teaching.
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(2022)Tavoitteet. Lasten arkeen, kasvuympäristöihin ja lastenkulttuuriin kuuluu media. Lapsilla on saatavilla eri digitaalisia laitteita ja mediasisältöjä. Lasten mediakokemukset ja – suhteet näkyvät ja kuuluvat myös osana esiopetuksen arkea. Kuitenkin mediaan on liittynyt paljon negatiivissävytteisiä ennakkoasenteita, käsityksiä ja näkemyksiä. Tutkimuksessa tarkastellaan esiopetuksen henkilöstön näkemyksiä ja ymmärrystä mediasisällöistä sekä mediasisältöjen mahdollista arvottamista. Aiemmat tutkimukset ovat tuoneet esiin, ettei esimerkiksi ajantasaista tutkimustietoa henkilöstön käsityksistä ja näkemyksistä mediaan ja mediakasvatukseen olla liiammin tehty Suomessa. Menetelmät. Tutkimus oli otteeltaan laadullinen tutkimus, jonka tutkimuslomakkeessa hyödynnettiin visuaalista menetelmää. Tutkimus rajattiin koskemaan esiopetuksen henkilöstöä. Tutkimuksen aineisto kerättiin kuvallisella E-kyselylomakkeella varhaiskasvatusta koskevan sosiaalisen median kanavalta. Ilmoitus tutkimuksesta ja kyselylomakkeesta laitettiin siellä neljään eri ryhmään. Tutkimuksen kyselyyn vastasi kaksitoista (N=12) vastaajaa. Tutkimuksen aineisto analysoitiin käyttäen sisällönanalyysin menetelmää. Tulokset ja johtopäätökset. Tulosten perusteella esiopetuksen henkilöstö kuvasi mediasisältöjen näkyvyyttä lapsiryhmissä samoin kuin aiemmat tutkimukset ovat tuoneet esille ja niitä käytettiin osana toimintaa samoin kuin aikaisemminkin on. Henkilöstö kuvasi median näkyvyyttä ja vaikutusta leikkiin monimuotoisesti. Moni henkilöstöstä koki tuntevansa lapsiryhmässä olevia medioita hyvin. Henkilöstöllä on edelleen ennakkoasenteita ja näkemyksiä tietyistä mediasisällöistä. Lapsiin ja mediaan liitetty huolennäkökulma on edelleen läsnä. Median näkyvyyttä ja vaikutusta leikkiin ymmärretään.
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(2023)Tutkimukseni tavoitteena on selvittää valmistavassa esiopetuksessa työskentelevien varhaiskasvatuksen opettajien näkökulmia siitä, miten esiopetusikäisten eri kieli- ja kulttuuritaustaisten lasten vuorovaikutustaitoja tuetaan valmistavassa esiopetuksessa. Tämän lisäksi selvitän, miten eri kieli- ja kulttuuritaustaisten lasten vuorovaikutustaitojen tukeminen eroaa äidinkieleltään suomenkielisten lasten vuorovaikutustaitojen tukemisesta, sekä mitkä ovat suurimmat kehittämisen tarpeet eri kieli- ja kulttuuritaustaisten lasten vuorovaikutustaitojen tukemisessa. Tutkimukseni on laadullinen tutkimus, jossa aineisto kerättiin marraskuussa 2022 haastattelemalla kolmea valmistavassa esiopetuksessa työskentelevää varhaiskasvatuksen opettajaa. Jokaisella opettajalla oli kokemusta eri kieli- ja kulttuuritaustaisten lasten tukemisesta. Heidän jokaisen ryhmästä löytyi myös monia eri äidinkieliä ja kulttuureja edustavia lapsia. Haastattelu toteutettiin puolistrukturoituna teemahaastatteluna, jossa oli kolme selkeää teemaa tutkimusongelmien mukaan; tukeminen, tukemisen erot ja kehittämisen tarpeet. Aineisto analysoitiin sisällönanalyysia ja teemoittelua apuna käyttäen. Tuloksista kävi ilmi, että eri kieli- ja kulttuuritaustaisten lasten vuorovaikutustaitojen tukeminen koettiin erittäin tärkeäksi varhaiskasvatuksessa ja esiopetuksessa. Opettajien käytössä oli monia hyödyllisiä tuen keinoja sekä materiaaleja. Opettajat pyrkivät siihen, että ihan jokainen lapsi sai tarvitsemaansa tukea kielestä tai kulttuurista riippumatta. Kuitenkin eri kieli- ja kulttuuritaustaisten lasten tuen tarpeisiin täytyi käyttää enemmän aikaa. Isoimmat kehittämisen tarpeet kohdistuivat aiheeseen liittyvien koulutusten sisältöön, niihin osallistumiseen ja kiinnostuksen määrään. Varhaiskasvatuksesta ja esiopetuksesta löytyy siis paljon hyvää materiaalia sekä apuvälineitä eri kieli- ja kulttuuritaustaisten lasten vuorovaikutustaitojen tukemiseen. Kuitenkin muun muassa resurssipula, työhyvinvoinnin lasku sekä kiinnostuksen - ja ajanpuute tekevät tuen toteuttamisesta haastava.
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(2020)Tämän tutkimuksen tavoitteena on tarkastella esiopetusikäisten lasten välisten ystävyys-suhteiden muodostumista. Ystävyyssuhteita esiopetusikäisten lasten välillä tarkastellaan heidän äidinkielensä kautta. Tutkimuksessa tarkastellaan kohtaavatko erikieliset lapset tois-tensa kanssa. Yhä kasvavissa määrin Suomeen muuttaa muualta maailmalta lapsia ja per-heitä. Lapset aloittavat opinpolkunsa osaamatta mahdollisesti yhtään maassa vallitsevaa kieltä. Tutkimus tarkastelee erikielisiä lapsia ja keiden kanssa he muodostavat ystävyys-suhteita. Mielenkiintoista on nähdä, saavatko esiopetusikäiset lapset muodostettua ystä-vyyssuhteita erikielisten lasten kanssa vai muodostavatko äidinkieleltään saman kielen omaavat omia kaveripiirejä. Mielenterveyden kannalta ystävyyssuhteet saman ikäisten kanssa ovat korvaamattomia. Mikäli lapsi jää yksin, on hänellä vaarana syrjäytyä. Tutkimus on toteutettu kvalitatiivisin tutkimusmenetelmin. Kyseessä on tapaustutkimus. Va-litun kaksikielisen esiopetusyksikön lasten vanhemmille lähetettiin Helsingin yliopiston e-lomakepohjalla tehty kysely, johon he vastasivat. Kyselyssä kysyttiin lapsen kolme parasta ystävää äidinkielineen, onko lapsella erikielisiä ystäviä sekä millaisena lapsi kokee leikin erikielisen kanssaleikkijän kanssa. Kysely lähetettiin esiopetusyksikössä puhuttavilla kah-della eri kielellä. Kyselyyn vastaaminen perustui täysin vapaaehtoisuuteen. Tutkimukseen vastasi yhteensä 13 lasta yhdessä vanhempiensa kanssa. Lapsista neljä oli suomenkielisiä, kolme kaksikielisiä sekä kuusi vieraskielisiä. Tulokset analysoitiin aineisto-lähtöisesti sisällönanalyysin menetelmin. Vastaukset koodattiin, jotta ne saatiin kategorisoi-tua. Tutkittaessa lasten ystäväpiiriä, huomattiin ystävien rajoittuvan pitkälti vain samaa äi-dinkieltä puhuviin sekä samaa sukupuolta oleviin lapsiin. Kielen vahva merkitys ystävyys-suhteissa huolettaa, kun mietitään lapsia, joiden ryhmästä ei löydy ketään samaa äidinkieltä puhuvaa. Kahden kulttuurin välisten erojen ymmärtäminen ja hyväksyminen on ehtona eri-kielisen ihmisen ymmärtämiselle ja sitä kautta ystävyyssuhteen muodostumiselle.
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(2016)Tiedekunta - Fakultet - Faculty Behavioural Sciences Laitos - Institution - Department Teacher Education Tekijä - Författare - Author Tanja Pihlajamäki Työn nimi - Arbetets titel Esi- ja alkuopettajien välinen yhteistyö opetuksellisen jatkumon näkökulmasta Title Pre-school and primary school teachers` mutual cooperation from educational continuity viewpoint Oppiaine - Läroämne - Subject Education Työn laji/ Ohjaaja - Arbetets art/Handledare - Level/Instructor Bachelor`s Thesis / Helena Hällström Aika - Datum - Month and year 05 / 2016 Sivumäärä - Sidoantal - Number of pages 47 pp. + 3 appendices Tiivistelmä - Referat - Abstract Previous research shows that pre-school and primary school teachers` mutual cooperation supports educational continuity and it is important to take noticed when we are thinking child`s transition stage from pre-school to primary school. The main purpose of this study was to describe, analyse and interpret, what is educational continuity and what it means in child`s transition to school. Especially the aim was to find out pre-school and primary school teachers` mutual cooperation from educational continuity viewpoint. With this study will strive to find out what is the meaning of educational continuity in transition to school, how pre-school and primary school teachers will support that with mutual cooperation and what kind of effects there are for educational continuity. This was shown by pre-school teachers` viewpoint. This study was conducted as a qualitative research. The research material was collected by using a theme interview. In this study, three kindergarten teachers were interviewed and they all worked in pre-school group at the metropolitan area. The research material was analysed by using a content analysis. Educational continuity was seen as an important and it meant continuity from pre-school to primary school. In educational continuity child will notice as an individual and there are also noticed pre-school and primary school activity cultures. Meaning of educational continuity was shown in the aims in transition stage and supporting these aims. Educational continuity is experienced as a significant in transition stage from pre-school to primary school. Cooperation carried out between pre-school and primary school teachers with mutual discussions and meetings. It was important to plan cooperation, so it would be goal-directed. Cooperation also happened with pre-school and primary school children`s mutual events and activities. The aim of teachers` mutual cooperation was to support child`s transition from pre-school to primary school. There were consequences by own work in pre-school and mutual cooperation in child`s transition. The purpose was to relieve going to school and giving the readiness skills for child. In the future could find out, how educational continuity will be noticed and supported by primary school teachers. Avainsanat - Nyckelord esiopetus, alkuopetus, opetuksellinen jatkumo, yhteistyö, siirtymä, opettaja Keywords pre-school, primary school, educational continuity, cooperation, transition, teacher Säilytyspaikka - Förvaringsställe - Where deposited City Centre Campus Library/Behavioural Sciences/Minerva Muita tietoja - Övriga uppgifter - Additional information
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(2023)In Finland, children transition from pre-primary education to primary education in the year when the child turns seven years old. Children are already preparing for their schooling in pre-primary education by practising their school readiness skills. However, there is a major variation in the skill levels of pupils in the first grade of education. The concept of the readiness of the school has emerged alongside children’s individual school readiness skills, describing the school’s readiness to take in learners with varying levels of skills. As a result, the focus of the examination of children’s school readiness has increasingly shifted from the development of schools and education. This study explores the views of pre-primary and primary education teachers on the ideal and actual school readiness of children and the readiness of today’s schools to receive learners whose skill levels vary. The research data included three group interviews participated by nine teachers in total. The groups included pre-primary school teachers, class teachers and special needs teachers with experience in teaching pupils in pre-primary and primary education. The data were collected using the semi-structured theme interview method carried out via a remote connection in December 2022. The obtained data were analysed using data-driven content analysis. The school readiness skills that the teachers perceived as ideal were concerned with basic everyday skills, academic skills, fine motor skills, working skills and socio-emotional skills. Especially basic everyday skills, working skills and socio-emotional skills were considered particularly important school readiness skills. Above all, the interviewees wished that children would be able to act in a large group, taking other children into consideration. The teachers noted that there has been progress in children’s academic readiness recently, whereas there are shortcomings in their working skills and socio-emotional skills. The teachers had a positive view of the school’s readiness to take in learners with different skill levels, but they also considered the school’s resources insufficient. The current resources are inadequate to provide pupils with enough of the individual support that they need. Group sizes at schools should be made smaller and the number of adults should be higher. The teachers also considered alternative ways for starting school that would better serve the beginning of each pupil’s school path.
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(2023)In Finland, children transition from pre-primary education to primary education in the year when the child turns seven years old. Children are already preparing for their schooling in pre-primary education by practising their school readiness skills. However, there is a major variation in the skill levels of pupils in the first grade of education. The concept of the readiness of the school has emerged alongside children’s individual school readiness skills, describing the school’s readiness to take in learners with varying levels of skills. As a result, the focus of the examination of children’s school readiness has increasingly shifted from the development of schools and education. This study explores the views of pre-primary and primary education teachers on the ideal and actual school readiness of children and the readiness of today’s schools to receive learners whose skill levels vary. The research data included three group interviews participated by nine teachers in total. The groups included pre-primary school teachers, class teachers and special needs teachers with experience in teaching pupils in pre-primary and primary education. The data were collected using the semi-structured theme interview method carried out via a remote connection in December 2022. The obtained data were analysed using data-driven content analysis. The school readiness skills that the teachers perceived as ideal were concerned with basic everyday skills, academic skills, fine motor skills, working skills and socio-emotional skills. Especially basic everyday skills, working skills and socio-emotional skills were considered particularly important school readiness skills. Above all, the interviewees wished that children would be able to act in a large group, taking other children into consideration. The teachers noted that there has been progress in children’s academic readiness recently, whereas there are shortcomings in their working skills and socio-emotional skills. The teachers had a positive view of the school’s readiness to take in learners with different skill levels, but they also considered the school’s resources insufficient. The current resources are inadequate to provide pupils with enough of the individual support that they need. Group sizes at schools should be made smaller and the number of adults should be higher. The teachers also considered alternative ways for starting school that would better serve the beginning of each pupil’s school path.
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(2019)Purpose of the study: The purpose of this study was to survey the views and experiences of preschool and primary education teachers about school transition, the collaboration between preschool and primary education and the mutual relationship of those. The study aims to provide a vision of what the collaboration between preschool and primary education is like and what kind of issues it contains. Methods: This study was a qualitative study. Two preschool teachers and one teacher in primary education from Helsinki participated in the study. The preschool teachers who participated in the study had to work in a preschool class, which didn´t locate in the same building as the school where the children transfer to. The teacher in primary education had to work in a school that didn´t provide preschool education. The research material was collected by theme interviews and the analysis was influenced by material-based content analysis as well as the theory-driven content analysis. Results and conclusions: Co-operation between preschool and primary education could be divided into two categories: collaboration between the teachers of preschool and primary education, and collaboration that involves the children in preschool and primary education. Barriers between co-operation between preschool and primary education were, among other things, the hectic nature of everyday life, data transmission restrictions and staff turnover. The amount of cooperation between preschool and primary education did not correspond to the new requirement set by the Education and Training sector in Helsinki. Co-operation between preschool and primary education should get its own resources in the curriculum in order to increase the amount to the desired level.
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(2017)The goal of this study was to examine the conceptions of teachers working as a part of the co-operation between preschool and school in Järvenpää during the school year 2016–2017. In addition, the study aimed to find out teachers' thoughts about the development of the co-operation along with the matters that affect their motivation to co-operate. The collaboration between preschool and school has been investigated also earlier in Järvenpää from the teachers' points of view at the beginning of the 21st century. The new local curriculums were put to use in Järvenpää on the 1st of August 2016. Examining the conceptions of the preschool teachers and classroom teachers is currently significant because the co-operation has been under inspection and developmental process in Järvenpää. The meaning of this study is to make visible the experiences and the conceptions of the teachers so that it is possible to keep on working for even more beneficial collaboration between preschool and school. In this study the co-operation between preschool and school is seen as working on a boundary which requires relational agency from the teachers. The school culture differs from the preschool culture so the change from a learning environment to another creates a transition in a child's life. The collaboration is important for the sake of a smooth transition and an educational path without any thresholds. The study was conducted as a web enquiry in the end of the spring semester 2017. 20 teachers (9 preschool teachers, 11 classroom teachers) took part in the study. Most of the questions were open-ended and they were analysed using data based content analysis. The matters that affect teachers' motivation to co-operate were investigated with close-ended questions. The teachers thought that the collaboration between preschool and school aims to a smooth transition and a continuum of learning but also taking care of a child's needs and sense of security, familiarization to school, sharing information, expertise and the know-how, and abridging the cultural differences between preschool and school. As a result of co-operation the child gets in contact with school as a physical, mental, social and cultural environment. The study discovered matters that may strengthen teachers' motivation and some that may weaken the motivation to co-operate. The developmental process of the collaboration between preschool and school has been succeeded in Järvenpää but there are still some challenges and improvement needed.
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