Browsing by Subject "harrastus"

The aim of this study was to find out the motives behind sewing children`s clothes within the 1960s and 2010s and to uncover the change of the motives and the meanings of craft between the 1960s and 2010s. There have been previous studies on motivations of hobbies and craft. However, the studies do not explain the motives of sewing children`s clothes. The research data were gathered by informal interviews of two mothers sewing children`s clothes in 1960s and two mothers sewing clothes in 2010s. The interview data were analyzed by using qualitative theory bound content analysis. Theory bound analysis starts like data-driven analysis, but at the end it takes assistance from the existing theory. In this analysis I used Danish psychologist K. B. Madsen`s motivational theory. In this study the collected data was classified according to K. B. Madsen`s motivational theory into activity-orientated, social, cognitive and emotional motives. The main motives of sewing children´s clothes in 1960s were affordability and the real need for the clothes. By the turn of the 2010s the sewing had become a meaningful activity in accordance with own values, where self-realization can produce unique useful clothes for children. All interviewees found the sewing as a nice hobby for them.

Objectives. In this research it is described how motivational factors are emphasized as go in for knitting. Motivation has been under investigation for a long time and a lot of theories have arisen. Motivation is intrinsic (originating from individual) or extrinsic (originating as consequence of external rewards and punishments) motivation. Motivation serves as the source of energy and steers the activity. The intensity, permanence and selection of tasks of motivated activity lead to sterling execution. The perspectives of motivation theories can accentuate either mechanistic (passive individual) or organismic (active individual) approaches. The action of individual can be task- or ego-oriented. In task-oriented activity it is pivotal to learn new issues and advance. Still, the division can be executed another way by distinguishing occasion motivation and general motivation of which the latter is more enduring. In the background of individual`s motives and motivation the basic needs and emotions are impacting. Autonomy, relatedness and competence constitute the three basic psychic needs. In self-determination theory the extrinsic motivation can turn into intrinsic motivation. The basic emotions appear in three different way: as physiological changes, readinesses of action and subjective experiences – emotions move individual and his/her ability to regulate them is central for well-being. The character of interest is situation bounded or personal interest. The challenges of learning can undermine motivation and flow experiences can fortify it. As going in for increases it means that one pledges to activity and puts more effort into it. Doing by oneself and especially handcrafts have long traditions in Finland and furthermore they still have significant status in our society. Methods. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were used. Material was acquired by questionnaire which was published in internet in Facebook on the wall of Neulonta-group. At the time of publishing there were 23 558 members in the group. The questionnaire was open 8.2–1.3.2017 and it gathered 336 responses. There were 170 responses along in the analysis of material. The participants were 18–72 years old women mainly working and living in two person`s households and they were interested in exercise, reading and animals. In addition to knitting crochet and sewing were the most commonly used techniques that the answerers regularly went in for. Basics, the basics of knitting hobby, open questions and the theme based questions were inquired from answerers. Part of the questions were structured. At the beginning of the analysis the means were calculated from the quantitative material along with the overall time of knitting to each answerer separately which was later used, as computational measure, to indicate the answerer`s amount of going in for. The material was dissected with theme classification which was based in theory of 4C`s of motivation where those themes were challenge, curiosity, control and context. To be able to generalize the material was coded and quantified. After that the basic methods of qualitative analysis themes and types were used. Results and conclusions. Answerers had started knitting at the age of 6–10 years, they had gone in for knitting 3 months – 60 years and the mean time for weekly knitting was 10 hours, fluctuation was considerable 30 minutes – 60 hours. Calculated overall time of knitting varied between 69–132 600 hours. Answerers were basically satisfied with the current time of knitting they went in for. Knitting was the most beloved handcraft technique and mainly the answerers knitted because the joy of it. Knitting is most of all perceived as psychic and the answerers praised the experiences of peace and winding down. It was said that the process mattered more than the product. Flow experiences had had 52,4 % of the answerers. The theory based themes appeared in the material as follows: challenge 15,2 %, curiosity 22,5 %, control 21,6 % and context 32,6 %. The themes arisen from the material were time 1,2 %, money 0,5 % and other motivation factors 6,4 %. 14 different types was formed as it comes to motivation factors being emphasized as go in for knitting where different motivation themes were differently divided. The greatest type had 56 answerers in which the main theme was context and the smallest theme was challenge. Conclusion is that the knitting is motivating in itself and it gives both meaning and time to persons own life outside working life and domestic work – in other words it works as a counterbalance in ordinary days in life. With the results it is possible to trigger, develop and maintain the going in for knitting. Motivation is at its best as an internal flame by which the restricted resources can be allocated in wanted and reasonable way so that the making gives more than it requires. In that case the hobby can bring appropriate increase in one’s life and make it possible to relax, to apprise ones self-actualization and develop both self-esteem and the sense of autonomy.

The aim of this study is to find out how adolescents think handicrafts as a leisure activity affects their own well-being. Adolescents’ crafting has been researched mainly from the perspective of teaching and the relationship between handicrafts and well-being has been re-searched mainly from the perspective of adults and elderly. This study aims to make visible the perspective of adolescent leisure activity on this topic. The research was conducted by interviewing six 13-14-years old adolescents and one 20-years old by using theme interviews. All the participants did their handicrafts emphasizing textile techniques ergo knitted, crocheted, or sewed. The interviews were arranged either remotely via Teams-application as individual interviews or at the adolescents’’ school as pair interviews. The material gathered was transcribed after which using thematizing and content analysis it was constructed into an analysis frame that was partly guided by previous studies. Pöllänen’s (2015b) research has especially guided this study by acting as a foundation for theoretical framework, interview frame and analysis frame. The study found out the most important benefits for well-being from doing crafts could come from feelings of achievement, the joy of learning something new, the freedom to do as one wishes and the calming effect of handicrafts. The amount of well-being handicrafts can induce could be affected by how much experience the adolescent has and how often they partake in making crafts. Those who did crafts rarely or were beginners didn’t think handicrafts were that impactful in their lives and thought of it more as a temporary activity. Those who did handicrafts a lot and thought of it as an important leisure activity were more likely to give more meaning to the aspects of making crafts and felt it was more impactful to their everyday lives.

Hunting is a part of Finnish culture, even though less people hunt for a living. Growing numbers of female hunters have been receiving media attention over the past years. The purpose of this Bachelor’s thesis is to describe the presentation of a hunting female living in the Helsinki Metropolitan area and what are the factors behind the hobby. An objective is also to determine whether the hunting females living in the Helsinki Metropolitan area face attitudes or prejudices in their hobby due to gender or place of residence, and whether the female hunters feel that the Helsinki Metropolitan area creates special characteristics for the hobby regarding other hunting females elsewhere in Finland. Survey research was implemented using a questionnaire which was undertaken by 62 hunting females living in the Helsinki Metropolitan area. Questionnaire included 30 questions, of which 29 were structured and 1 open. Some of the questions were attached with an open question. Questionnaire was distributed via Facebook groups Jahditar, Haulikkohelmet, Helsingin Erä-Ämmät, Metsästyskaverit, Metsästäjät, and Ellit erätulilla. The structured questions of the questionnaire were analyzed qualitatively and by using Excel programs as help. Open questions were analysed by utilizing content analysis guiding the theory. Tables, figures and argumentation by quantitative relations were used in presenting the results. According to the research, hunting hobby seems to be an interesting hobby for the participants. Most typically, one went to hunt together with a partner or a friends. Nature, hunting with dogs and wild game as nourishment rose as most important factors for a hunting hobby. 87% of the female hunters of Helsinki Metropolitan area which participated in the research saw that they had encountered some amount of prejudice towards their hobby due to their gender, from people who did not hunt. Encountering prejudice from male hunters was rarer, but not unusual. 73% of the respondents also saw that they had encountered prejudice as hunters due to their place of residence. 63% of the respondents also saw that Helsinki Metropolitan area brought some special characteristics in to the hunting hobby regarding other hunting females elsewhere in Finland.

The purpose of the thesis was to explore the opinions about authenticity in the attire of Living Historists that is to say, People, who have Historical Reenactment as a hobby. Living history is a popular hobby, and brings a lot of knowledge about textile, wood, and metal craft, as the attire often are home-made. Due to this, an important part of the research consisted of what craft techniques are being used, and what kind of research goes into making a “kit” for reenacting. Earlier research about re-enacting attire, in particular is rather scarce, so new perspectives were a goal at the start. The gathering of material was done by questionnaire, spread in suitable groups on Facebook during the spring of 2018. There were 182 people answering, of different ages and re-enacting background. The questionnaire consisted of both qualitative and quantitative questions, so the analysis was done with Mixed-Method, combining the data from both groups only at the last minute. Living history was found to be a multiform hobby, where authenticity has its own place. It does not, however, define the scene, but provides opportunity for personal or group-wide development within the re-enactment scene. Historical handicrafts are a large part of the hobby and could also be considered their own scene within the whole of living history.

The purpose of the present work was to study knitting as a hobby: to find connections with the traditions, to sort out the present situation and anticipate possible future developments. The study attempted to shed light on the factors related to the commencement of the hobby, on the different forms of the hobby and on the significance of knitting for those who go in for it. According to the theoretical framework, knitting was studied as a hobby, as a part of the handicraft trade and as a learned skill. In addition, the significance of knitting was approached on by analysing the related values and attitudes. The collection of the data was done with a questionnaire which means that the basic methodology was quantitative. This was supplemented by the use of a qualitative approach in the interpretation of the results. The questionnaire had, in addition to multiple choice questions and statements, an open question meant for a wider inquiry on the significance of the hobby. The objective was to get as wide a picture as possible on knitting as a hobby in Finland. Helsingin Villakehräämö (Helsinki Wool-Spinning Mill) and Novita Neuleet-magazine agreed to co-operate in the study. With their assistance it was possible to reach knitters all around Finland. The questionnaire was mailed to the subscribers of the Novita Neuleet-magazine and to an equal number of assumed knitters. The size of the sample was 603 persons of whom 325 returned the questionnaire by the deadline. The return percentage was thus 54%. The analysis of the data made use of the SPSS-statistics programme with which it was possible to present frequencies and percentages on the sample as well as the necessary parameters. The differences between the groups were tested with cross-tabulations and statistical tests. The statements related to the significance and appreciation of knitting were subjected to a factor analysis so as to facilitate a possible classification of knitters into different types. The significance of knitting was also studied with content analysis and by applying essence type analysis. On the basis of the results the commencement of knitting as a hobby seemed to be closely related to the significance of the family and traditions, to needs and school experiences. 99 per cent of the respondents reported making at least one piece of knitwear a year, which means that people do a lot of knitting. The most common piece of knitwear was a sweater (82%). Statistically the subscribers of the Novita Neuleet-magazine knitted more than the control group. Useful pastime, recreation, creativity and self-expression were emphasised as factors related to the significance of knitting. Finishing a piece of knitwear was reported to give pleasure which was manifested in the joy of giving, overcoming challenges and the experiences of success. To describe knitting two groups of knitter types were formed: those for whom knitting is a way of life and those who do knitting because of a need. The members of the ‘way of life’-group always had a work in progress whereas the ‘need’-group started working when they needed a piece of knitwear or something to do with their hands. Woolen sweaters can be a thread of life because knitting was felt to bring meaningful content into the lives of the knitters. Knitting was also seen as a useful handicraft skill which the knitters wanted to retain for future generations.