Browsing by Subject "rekka-autot"

In October 2013 the Finnish legislation for the ratings of vehicles was changed. This change enabled heavier vehicles to operate in Finland. The highest rating of vehicle combination is 76 tons and it requires nine axle. For eight axle vehicle combinations the mass is 68 tons and for seven axle 64 tons This reformation is taken to use especially in the raw material transportation such as timber. In this study the highest permitted masses weren’t reached in all observations, neither for vehicles nor vehicle combinations. On average the masses were reached in all observations except the four axle trucks. The average vehicle mass for them were 31977 kg. While the mass of the combination or a single vehicle increases the axle load remains the same or even decreases. The total mass devices for several axle. Fully loaded vehicle’s bogie masses didn’t differ from the not fully loaded. However the highest permitted bogie masses weren’t reached in all cases. Especially bogie masses of the vehicles without a loader were under permitted masses. In the study there was done some calculations for increasing the loading space. In these cases the highest permitted vehicle mass-es were reached. In most of the cases also the double axle masses were reached. The road wear of vehicle combinations is decreasing while the amount of axle is increasing. The ESAL (Equivalent Single Axis Load) reaches it highest point in the combined vehicle which total mass is 64 tons (6,87). The smallest stress is 76 tons combinations (3.33). The stress was higher for 3+5-type vehicles (4,64) than 4+4-type (4,52) in this study. The stress was bigger for the combinations with a loader. The effectivity of the transportation changed in the range 7663-9443 kg/ESAL and it decreased while the amount of axle increased. The difference between 68 tons vehicle combinations was small. The transportation costs decrease while the total masses increase. The biggest difference, on average with relation to 60 tons vehicle combination, is on 76 tons combination (-18,53%). For the 3+5-type combination the difference is -11,52% and for the 4+4-type combination -9,38%, so there is a difference between these two combinations. The average annual transportation increases while the total mass of the vehicle combinations mass is increasing. The growth is between 8 and 26%. The average costs for the comparison combine were 5,85 €/m3 and the annual transportation 27700 m3.