Browsing by Subject "tehoajanmenekki"

The newly reformed Forest Law in 2014 is going to expand the usage possibilities of uneven-aged forest management as it is no longer concerned to be a part of ”for special sites only” forest management. Nowadays, the number of forest owners, who are aiming towards multiattribute forest management, is increasing and uneven-aged forest management is probably going to increase its proportion. But there is a major problem of utilizing uneven-aged forest management, as there are basically neither significant practical models nor knowledge from the operational point of view. This research was completed as a part of Finnish Forest Research Institute’s research program in co-operation with Metsä Group Ltd. and Forest-Linna Ltd in Central Finland. The goals of the research were to analyze; the time-consumption of selection cutting and factors affecting it, the quality and quantity of the forest stand after cutting from the forest structure’s and tree damages’ point of view, and to research the need and possibilities of training for harvester operators. The effective time-consumption between Scots Pine and Norway Spruce didn’t statistically differ neither in clear cutting nor selection cutting, so a group of conifers was created for the comparison between them. The effective time-consumption was 15 – 17 % higher and the effective productivity 12 – 14 % lower in selection cutting, when the average stem volume was fixed between 0,700 m³ and 0,897 m³ in both methods. Processing of the stems located on the strip road was faster than those located on the sides. Out of the undergrowth saplings (h<2,5 m), which had growth-potential for future, 4,7% were injured and 42,5% destroyed or disappeared. The major factors causing either injury or destruction were slash and logs. Out of the remaining trees (h>2,5 m) 19,3% were injured, when all the recorded injuries were taken into account. According to the Finnish Forest Regulation, 7,7% of the remaining trees (dbh>7,0 cm) were injured. A prototype basal area chart was used for allowing the harvester operator to picture the remaining basal area at a single working location. The chart consisted of the basal area of different diameter classes at a half-circular location restricted by an 11-metre boom. The chart was designed for this research by Pentti Niemistö. By using the chart; oral information and a practice area, where trees were selected beforehand, the harvester operator was able to achieve different given basal area goals by fair means on the other parts of the research stumpage.