Browsing by Subject "tiedeyhteisö"
Now showing items 1-5 of 5
-
(2016)The aim of this master's thesis was to find out what kind of promoting and hindering supervisory experiences doctors who have graduated from Aalto University School of Engineering had during their doctoral studies and what kind of differences were found between those experiences. Based on previous research literature it can be stated that the quality of supervision of doctoral studies has an effect on the experiences of doctoral students, their well-being and their graduation. My data consists of 10 theme interviews of doctors who have graduated from Aalto University School of Engineering in 2012-2014. I used qualitative content analysis to analyse my data. Based on my research results, the promoting factors of doctoral studies include high-quality and sufficient supervisory relationships and supervision of the research process. The most significant supervisory relationship was the one with the personal supervisor. Competence, pedagogical know-how, enthusiasm, prioritizing supervising and regularity of the supervisory meetings were valued when the personal supervisor is concerned. Supervision of the research process had promoted doctoral studies if supervision and feedback were received regularly; supervision was supportive and motivating; and it was focused on the content of the doctoral thesis, usage of research methods and the study processes of the doctoral student. Poor-quality and insufficient supervisory relationships and supervision of the research process were experienced as hindering factors of doctoral studies. Personal supervisor who lacked competence, interest and time on academic supervising was a significant hindering factor in doctoral studies. Research group activities did not promote student's own research if the research agenda of the group was remarkably different from the research topic of the student. The lack of peer group activities was also experienced as a hindering factor. Supervision of the research process was experienced hindering one's doctoral studies if the student did not receive enough support on the contents of the doctoral thesis, usage of research methods, planning his or her studies and research, academic writing and publishing or applying for finances. Based on the differences of the supervisory experiences I split the interviewees into four groups: 1) satisfied with supervision, 2) those who described contradictory supervisory experiences, 3) unsatisfied with supervision and, 4) those who extended their supervisory network. Based on my results it can be stated that there were remarkable differences between supervisory experiences of the interviewees. The quantity of supervision varied from daily supervisory discussions to years of lonely work and the quality of supervision varied from productive collaboration with supervisor and other researchers to indifferent and insufficient supervision. To improve the supervisory experiences of doctoral students it is recommended in this master's thesis that supervisory teams could be used, peer group activities could be organized, supervision could be increased especially in the planning stage of studies and research, more research method courses could be organized and postgraduates could be given support in applying for finances.
-
(2015)Objectives: Although doctoral students are a highly select group, previous national and international studies have shown that they experience many challenges during the process of completing a doctorate. These challenges can relate to well-being and many students never finish their degree. The purpose of this study was to discover the kinds of well-being experiences medical sciences doctoral students have. Previous research on Finnish doctoral education has investigated doctoral students' well-being via the sense of competence, belonging, autonomy (Ryan & Deci, 1985) , and contribution (Eccles, 2008). In this study, medical sciences doctoral students' experiences were explored via these four senses, in the context of eudaemonic well-being and positive psychology. In this study, doctoral students' well-being experiences were understood to develop in the dynamic interplay between their primary context of work and learning. The aim of this study was to investigate what kind of well-being experiences medical sciences doctoral students have and how those experiences appear in their primary context of working and learning as part of a scholarly community. This study is part of a larger national research project on doctoral education in Finland (Pyhältö et al., 2009). Methods: The data were collected between 2007–2008 with semi-structured interviews. The participants were seven female medical sciences doctoral students. One interview was dropped during the analysis process. All participants were conducting their doctorates at a research intensive university in Finland. The interviews underwent qualitative content analysis, in which the theory approach and inductive approach were combined. At the beginning of the first analysis phase, well-being experiences and their context were inspected by the variable-oriented technique. Next, the analysis focused on the person-oriented technique. Results and conclusions: The results suggested that the participants often emphasized a sense of competence and belonging. Doctoral students' experiences sometimes appeared in the sense of autonomy, but only seldom the sense of contribution. Well-being experiences were often related to research activities or interplay with members of a scholarly community, but only seldom to doctoral studies or financial resources. Person-oriented technique results suggested that well-being experiences varied between doctoral students. Some of them described many, while some only mentioned a few well-being experiences. Experiences were also emphasized differently. The findings reveal that it was relevant to investigate medical sciences doctoral students from the perspective of eudaemonia and positive psychology via the senses of competence, belonging, autonomy, and contribution. The results can be applied to the development of doctoral education and to develop methods to support doctoral students' well-being.
-
(2007)Motivation has an important role in academic learning for learning is regulated by motivation. Further motivation is centrally manifested by goals. Goals reflect values and regulate individual's orientation and what they strive for. In spite of the central role of motivation in academic learning, discussions on post-graduate education has somewhat overlooked motivational processes and concentrated on the excellence of performance. The aim of this study was to investigate what kind of goals PhD students have and how they experience their role in their own scientific community. It was also purpose to study how these goals and experienced roles are in relation with study each other, context, possible intentions of quitting studies and prolongation of studies. Furthermore, the aim was to investigate how different postgraduates differ in terms of how they experience their learning environment. The data was collected with the "From PhD students to academic experts" - survey (Pyhältö & Lonka, 2006) from four complementary domains: medicine, arts, psychology and education. The survey consisted of both likert-scaled items and open ended questions. The participants were 601 postgraduate students. The goals and the experienced role in scientific community were analysed in terms of qualitative content analysis. The relation between goals and experienced role and background variables were tested using χ² and the differences between different postgraduate groups using one way analysis of variances (ANOVA). The results indicated that postgraduates goals varied based on whether they brought up goals related to the product (outcome of the thesis process), the process (thesis process as whole) or both the product and the process. Product goals consisted of for example career qualification and better status as process goals consisted for example of learning and influencing ones own discipline. The experienced role of the postgraduates differed in terms of whether the conception was organised, unorganised or controversial. Both the goals and the experienced roles were in relation with study context and commitment to the studies. The different postgraduate groups also differed in terms of how they experienced their own learning environment.
-
(2010)Tutkimukseni kohteena ovat mies- ja naispuoliset tutkijat ja tohtoriopiskelijat, jotka ovat osallistuneet katalyysitutkimukseen keskittyvän tutkimusverkosto IDECAT:in toimintaan. Tutkielmassani pyrin selvittämään, onko naisten ja miesten tutkijanuran välillä eroa ja jos on, niin minkälainen tämä ero on. Pyrin myös saamaan selville, onko naisten tutkijanuralla esteitä ja esiintyykö tiedeyhteisössä sukupuolesta johtuvaa syrjintää. IDECAT (Integrated Design of Catalytic Nanomaterials for a Sustainable Production) on EU-rahoitteinen, kemian tekniikkaan liittyvään katalyysitutkimukseen keskittyvä tutkimusverkosto, johon kuuluu alan tutkimusyksiköitä ja yliopistoja 12 Euroopan maasta. IDECAT:iin kuuluu noin 500-600 henkilöä. Tutkimukseni pohjautuu kahteen kyselytutkimukseen, jotka toteutettiin Internetissä 2009-2010. Ensimmäinen kyselytutkimus oli vastaajien saatavilla loka-marraskuussa 2009 ja siinä selvitettiin IDECAT:in tutkijoiden ja tohtoriopiskelijoiden tasa-arvotilannetta yleisesti. Kyselyyn vastasi 83 henkilöä, joista 51% oli naisia ja 49 % miehiä. Kyselyssä käytettiin strukturoitua kyselylomaketta ja tulokset analysoitiin kvantitatiivisesti SPSS tilasto-ohjelmalla. Tilastollisena menetelmänä käytän ristiintaulukointia. Toinen kyselytutkimus (jatkokysely) keskittyy tiedeyhteisössä tapahtuvaan sukupuolesta johtuvaan syrjintään ja se oli vastaajien saatavilla huhti-toukokuussa 2010. Jatkokyselyn kysymykset ovat avokysymyksiä ja ne analysoitiin laadullisesti. Jatkokyselyyn vastasi 24 henkilöä, joista 6 kuvasi yksityiskohtaisesti syrjintäkokemuksiaan tiedeyhteisössä. Teoreettisena viitekehyksenä käytän tutkimuksessani Joan Ackerin sukupuolittuneen organisaation teoriaa ja siihen liittyviä, organisaation toiminnassa ilmeneviä sukupuolittuneita prosesseja. Sukupuolittuneet prosessit ovat ajattelutapoja , käytäntöjä ja asenteita, joilla sukupuolet erotetaan toisistaan ja joilla tuotetaan sukupuolten välisiä valtasuhteita. Naisten ja miesten tutkijanuran välillä on aineistossani joitakin merkittäviä eroja. Sukupuolesta johtuva syrjintä on yleistä vastaajien keskuudessa ja naiset ovat kokeneet sitä useammin kuin miehet. 67% naisvastaajista ja 37% miesvastaajista on kokenut sukupuolesta johtuvaa syrjintää. Naisvastaajat myös kokevat miehiä useammin, että he eivät saa riittävästi tukea ja kannustusta esimiehiltään. Lisäksi naisia on pyydetty mukaan tieteelliseen yhteistyöhön miehiä harvemmin. Useimmat muuttujat eivät kuitenkaan tuo eroa sukupuolten välille. Tutkijanaiset kokevat ylenemismahdollisuutensa lähes yhtä hyviksi kuin miehet, naiset ja miehet työskentelevät yhtä usein määräaikaisissa tehtävissä ja naiset työskentelevät kokopäiväisesti lähes yhtä usein kuin miehet. Naiset pitävät perheen ja työn yhdistämistä helppona. Sukupuolittuneita prosesseja ilmenee erityisesti sukupuolten väliseen työnjakoon ja sosiaalisen tuen ja vallan jakoon tiedeyhteisössä liittyvissä tilanteissa. Sukupuolittuneisuus ei kuitenkaan ole totaalista, monien kyselyn muuttujien kohdalla sukupuolittumista tai eroa sukupuolten välille ei tullut. Monet kyselyn muuttujat osoittavatkin, että naiset ja miehet kokevat, että heitä kohdellaan melko tasa-arvoisesti. Tietyillä osa-alueilla epätasa-arvoisen kohtelun kokemukset ovat kuitenkin yleisiä, mikä tuottaa ristiriitaisen kuvan tiedeyhteisön tasa-arvotilanteesta. Tämä voi viitata siihen, että tutkijanaisten ja miesten asemat ja roolit tiedeyhteisössä eivät ole pysyviä ja staattisia, vaan aktiivisessa muutoksen tilassa. Tutkijanaisten asemaa tiedeyhteisössä voidaan lisäksi parantaa reagoimalla ja puuttumalla sukupuolesta johtuvaan syrjintään, pitämällä tasa-arvoasioita esillä sekä kiinnittämällä huomiota johtamiskäytäntöihin, esimerkiksi palkkaamalla lisää naisjohtajia.
-
(2015)Research leadership and practices of doctoral training play an important role in developing universities' research efficiency. However, only few resources are traditionally allocated within universities to promote research leadership. In addition a significant number of doctoral students never finish their thesis. Despite their importance, scientific literature concerning research leadership and practices of doctoral training as well as their connection to research outcomes and quality remains limited. The aim of this study was to investigate how leadership was organised and what kind of practices of doctoral training could be found in researcher communities operating within University of Helsinki. Furthermore, this study explored how organisation of leadership and practices of doctoral training were related to the researcher communities' research outcomes and quality. This study was based on an international evaluation of research and doctoral training in University of Helsinki in 2010–2012. Altogether 136 voluntarily attending researcher communities took part in the survey. The data were collected through a survey which consisted open ended questions related to the communities' leadership and practices of doctoral training. The leadership and practices of doctoral training appearing in the communities were analysed using qualitative content analysis. The relation leadership and practices of doctoral training had to the communities' research outcomes and quality were measured using statistical chi-squared test. The results showed that leadership in the researcher communities' was either distributed or centralised in structure and it was either formally or informally organised. In addition, the communities utilised either community based or individual based practices in their doctoral training. The distributed and formally led researcher communities received better research outcomes than the centralised and informally led communities. Furthermore, the communities that favoured community based practices in their doctoral training received better research outcomes than the ones utilising individual based practices. The results indicate that distributed leadership and community based practices of doctoral training should be taken more in to account in developing research and doctoral training.
Now showing items 1-5 of 5