Browsing by Author "Rossow, Rauna"

The Finnish settlement has stayed in Ingria since the 17th Century. They formed two groups, Äyrämöinen and Savakko. These minorities were different from each other by their dialect, religion and dressing. The focus of this study is on Ingrian Finnish, especially the Savakko textile culture. Research material includes the textile collection of Ingrian Finnish Raija Pedak, her interviews, photographs, writings, newspaper cuttings, proofs and drawings. Comparison is based on objects found from the National Museums Finno-Ugric collections. Research is made by following the craft history in one family through four generations. This study examines textiles from Eastern Ingrian Järvisaari, especially the ritual cloth käspaikka, and the folk costume, their techniques and meanings. The aim of this study is to find out how the Pedak`s collection can reinforce studies of the Savakko textile culture in the early 1900s with new knowledge. After the groups of Savakko and Äyrämöinen assimilated, Ingrian Finnishness formed the primary ethnic identity. This study follows one family and the meanings given to crafts in changing historical contexts, from rural Ingria to the revolution and crises of the Soviet period and finally to the national awakening of the Ingrian Finns. The significance analysis method, created originally for museum objects, was applied in this study. The analysis follows different stages, starting with preparation. Then, research material is put in its broad historical context. After familiarization and data acquisition the research material is evaluated with seven criteria. These are representativeness, authenticity, historical and cultural significance, memorable significance, communal significance, ideal situation and usability. As a result, the study shows that the characteristic handcrafting can be understood as a key symbol of Ingrian Finnishness among with the Finnish language and Lutheranism. The folk costume and other textiles have significant position upholding the Ingrian Finnish culture. They played significant part especially during the perestroika and the national awakening of the Ingrian Finns. Notable in the Pedak`s research material are particularly the ritual cloth käspaikka in Lutheran home and the kitska-headdress as a part of the Savakko folk costume.