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FRB means that the prerogative to create money is shifted from private banks to public responsibility or that money is fixed to a commodity. In other words, under FRB the money supply consists of government money (i.e. cash, central bank reserves and government securities) or commodity money (e.g. gold or silver). FRB was tried in the UK and the US in the 19th century. The FRB experiment...
Disputationen: 20.10.2018
This dissertation examined employees’ psychological experiences during organizational changes. While change frequently occurs in today’s workplace, organizational changes bear a risk of adverse effects on employees’ well-being and motivation. To improve employees’ well-being, and thus also the success of change endeavors, it is essential to understand how different types of employees’ ex...
Disputationen: 20.10.2018
Obesity with its comorbidities has become a major global public health concern. Young adulthood is a particularly critical period in an individual’s life with respect to his/her risk to become overweight or even obese. However, longitudinal population-based associations of weight-related ideals and behaviors with weight change and health in young adulthood remain poorly understood.
Disputationen: 20.10.2018
Tamoxifen treatment of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer reduces breast cancer mortality. However, resistance to tamoxifen develops frequently. A plethora of resistance mechanisms have been described but their biological importance, clinical significance, and possibilities for diagnostic or therapeutic intervention are poorly understood. Fusion genes, for example, have the potenti...
Disputationen: 23.10.2018
This thesis study examines how different species traits are related to the evolutionary survivorship of land mammal taxa and how the trait structure of mammalian communities is related to the climate, habitats and biogeography at the continental level. The study uses large datasets of both fossil and present land mammals from different continents. The results of the evolutionary survivor...
Disputationen: 24.10.2018
Boreal forest soils store a significant amount of carbon and function as a terrestrial net sink in the global carbon cycle. Soil microbes perform essential ecological functions by cycling nutrients and decomposing organic matter. Fungi are the predominant decomposers and central to the turnover of carbon and nitrogen in boreal forest soils. The production of various extracellular enzymes...
Disputationen: 26.10.2018
Abnormal regulation of the microtubule-associated protein Tau leads to its misfolding, aggregation, and impairment of its physiological functions. Deposits of insoluble Tau are the hallmark of several neurodegenerative disorders called tauopathies. Tauopathies are characterized by the transcellular transfer of phosphorylated oligomeric Tau, which propagates the pathology along connected ...
Disputationen: 26.10.2018
The antiplatelet drugs clopidogrel, prasugrel and ticagrelor are used to treat and prevent atherothrombotic events. They inhibit platelet activation by blocking the platelet P2Y12 adenosine diphosphate (ADP) receptor. Considerable variation exists in the pharmacodynamics and therapeutic response to clopidogrel treatment due to pharmacogenetic factors and drug-drug interactions. The newer...
Disputationen: 26.10.2018
Background: Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. It most commonly affects the terminal ileum and causes transmural inflammation of the bowel wall resulting in stenosis, fistula or abscess formation. Medication is the treatment of choice for CD, although most patients will require surgery at some point as a re...
Disputationen: 26.10.2018
Hydronephrosis is one of the most common prenatally detected abnormalities. Our target was to study the incidence of VUR and urinary tract infection (UTI) in children with prenatally detected hydronephrosis. We investigated the incidence VUR and UTI in children with simple hydronephrosis, hydroureter, duplex collecting system or ureterocele
Disputationen: 26.10.2018
Advanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) may provide information of the myocardium beyond conventional imaging. The present thesis was designed to assess whether myocardial tissue characterization by CMR improves the diagnostic and prognostic evaluation of non-ischemic cardiomyopathies (NICMs) (studies I-III) and ischemic heart disease (IV).
Disputationen: 26.10.2018
It is common to perceive mediation as a social practice, a practice that takes place outside the law and is unrestricted by legal rules. The subject of my dissertation is the normative dimension of mediation. I seek to sketch the relationship between mediation and the legal system, to discern, interpret and systematize the legal rules and principles within the framework of the European M...
Disputationen: 26.10.2018
The orexinergic system is a key regulator of the sleep-wake cycle, and as such, presents a prominent target for drug development against ailments such as insomnia and narcolepsy. The system comprises two G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR), OX₁ and OX₂, and two neuropeptides, orexin-A and orexin-B. In the beginning of the study presented here, several antagonists (blockers) of the recepto...
Disputationen: 26.10.2018
In this study, I present a new theory – the Theory of Control Tuning – which demonstrates the importance of control in relation to migration. Control is a significant part of the every-day life of individuals and groups of migration actors, such as internally displaced persons, asylum seekers, recognised refugees, education- and employment-induced migrants, local residents and various au...
Disputationen: 26.10.2018
Fava bean is a good source of plant protein that is increasingly gaining attention due to its health benefits and sustainability. However, the addition of fava bean flour or protein concentrate at high concentrations to food products may result in an unsatisfying texture. Therefore, texture modification of the fava bean matrix is essential to improve its usability in various food systems...
Disputationen: 26.10.2018
This dissertation discusses contract interpretation based on a certain kind of contracting and contracts. It is submitted that sales and purchases of businesses (‘transactions’), regardless of whether transactions involve shares, assets or combinations of these, set a different framework for contract interpretation than many other contractual relationships. The transaction market is heav...
Disputationen: 27.10.2018
Tarkastelen aineenopettajien koulutuksen kehitystä ja opettajankoulutusta käsittelevän asiantuntijapuheen retoriikkaa 1970-luvulta 2010-luvulle. Tutkimuksen aineisto koostuu yliopistojen tutkintovaatimuksista, asiantuntijoiden tuottamista komitea- ja selvitysteksteistä sekä opiskelijoilta kerätystä kyselyaineistosta. Komitea- ja selvitystekstien analyysi perustuu retoriseen analyysiin, j...
Disputationen: 27.10.2018
Background and aims. Operating theatre (OT) personnel implement intraoperative aseptic practices (AP) to control and prevent surgical site infection (SSI). AP is considered important in both infection control (IC) and prevention (IP), despite the challenges of investigating the causality between APs and SSIs. This study introduces a project regarding co-creating intraoperative APs in the...
Disputationen: 27.10.2018
This dissertation explored higher education teachers’ experiences in developing their professional practices and how change can be achieved successfully. The pedagogical development process in one university of applied sciences was the context of three sub-studies, which investigated teachers’ experiences utilizing strength-focused theoretical constructs, following the positive approach....
Disputationen: 27.10.2018
AGGREGAATTORIT ÄÄNITTEIDEN DIGITAALISESSA JAKELUSSA Tekijänoikeuslainsäädännön ja verotuksen näkökulmasta Laine, Annina Tiivistelmä/Referat – Abstract Internet ja digitaalitekniikan kehitys on mullistanut musiikkialaa merkittävästi ja huomattava osa äänitteistä siirtyy nykyään kuuntelijalle digitaalisessa muodossa. Kuluttajille äänitemarkkinoiden digitalisoituminen merkitsee, että mus...
Kartellivahingon määrän todistaminen vahingonkorvausoikeudenkäynnissä Korhonen, Sofie Tiedekunta/Osasto Fakultet/Sektion – Faculty Oikeustieteellinen tiedekunta Laitos/Institution– Department Tekijä/Författare – Author Sofie Korhonen Työn nimi / Arbetets titel – Title Kartellivahingon määrän todistaminen vahingonkorvausoikeudenkäynnissä Oppiaine /Läroämne – Subject Oikeustalo...
The Patent Economics of Synthetic Biology Bützow, Alexander Kyseinen työ tutkii uutta bioteknologian muotoa, synteettistä biologiaa, ja sen suhdetta eurooppalaiseen immateriaalioikeuteen, erityisesti patenttioikeuteen. Tutkielman keskeiset kysymykset koskevat sen selvittämisestä, onko 1) synteettisen biologian keksinnöt systeemisesti soveltumattomia nykyiseen patenttioikeuteen, ja 2...
Vastuun rajoittaminen asianajotoimeksiantosopimukseen perustuvan vastuunhallinnan keinona Sotamaa, Rasmus Asianajajan mahdollisuuksiin rajata vastuutaan on perinteisesti suhtauduttu varovaisen torjuvasti niin Suomessa kuin muissakin Pohjoismaissa. Torjuvan suhtautumisen perusteet on usein liitetty asianajotoiminnan erityiseen luonteeseen. Vastuunrajoitukset on nähty erityisesti asianaja...