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Browsing by Subject "fungicides"

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  • Gibberella zeaen kotelopullojen esiintyminen ohran ja kauran korjuujätteessä ja suvuttoman muodon Fusarium graminearumin haitallisuus viljelyssä 
    Huttunen, Ari (2020)
    Gibberella zeae (Schwein.) Petch and its asexual form Fusarium graminearum Schwabe is a pathogen of oat, barley, wheat and maize that causes Fusarium head blight in cereals. F. graminearum produces mycotoxins that contaminate yields in humid and warm weather conditions. The pathogen spreads most effectively during its sexual stage. F. graminearum has become more common as a result of climate change and as reduced tillage has become more preferred in cultivation. This research was a part the Fustox Projet in Natural Resources Institute in Jokioinen research station. Develelopment of G.zeae in crop residues was studied. Crop residue samples were collected from no-till and tilled field plots in existing field trials in spring 2013. Occurrence of F. graminearum was studied in barley and oat from no-till and tilled field plots and in oat from a field trial of four tillage methods during the growing season 2013. Efficiency of two fungicides (DMI and DMI+QoI fungicides) were studied in two oat cultivars, barley and spring wheat in MTT Ylistaro research station. Yield samples were also analysed for deoxynivalenol (DON) contamination. Occurrence of the pathogen was determined by incubating straw pieces and kernels in laboratory conditions. Fusarium species were identified by their colony and spore morphology and colour. Contrary to expectations the pathogen was somewhat more prevalent in tilled plots than in reduced tillage. This may be due to greater microbe activity that is capable of decomposing or inhibiting the pathogen in fields with reduced tillage. In this study stem-bases were more infected by the pathogen in reduced tillage. Fungicide treatments were effective in reducing the occurrence of F. graminearum in the field and DON contamination in yield. There were no significant differences between fungicides. The most effective methods of controlling G. zeae and F. graminearum is selection resistant cultivars for cultivation. Careful selection of soil tillage method can also aid in controlling the pathogen.
  • Gibberella zeaen kotelopullojen esiintyminen ohran ja kauran korjuujätteessä ja suvuttoman muodon Fusarium graminearumin haitallisuus viljelyssä 
    Huttunen, Ari (2020)
    Gibberella zeae (Schwein.) Petch and its asexual form Fusarium graminearum Schwabe is a pathogen of oat, barley, wheat and maize that causes Fusarium head blight in cereals. F. graminearum produces mycotoxins that contaminate yields in humid and warm weather conditions. The pathogen spreads most effectively during its sexual stage. F. graminearum has become more common as a result of climate change and as reduced tillage has become more preferred in cultivation. This research was a part the Fustox Projet in Natural Resources Institute in Jokioinen research station. Develelopment of G.zeae in crop residues was studied. Crop residue samples were collected from no-till and tilled field plots in existing field trials in spring 2013. Occurrence of F. graminearum was studied in barley and oat from no-till and tilled field plots and in oat from a field trial of four tillage methods during the growing season 2013. Efficiency of two fungicides (DMI and DMI+QoI fungicides) were studied in two oat cultivars, barley and spring wheat in MTT Ylistaro research station. Yield samples were also analysed for deoxynivalenol (DON) contamination. Occurrence of the pathogen was determined by incubating straw pieces and kernels in laboratory conditions. Fusarium species were identified by their colony and spore morphology and colour. Contrary to expectations the pathogen was somewhat more prevalent in tilled plots than in reduced tillage. This may be due to greater microbe activity that is capable of decomposing or inhibiting the pathogen in fields with reduced tillage. In this study stem-bases were more infected by the pathogen in reduced tillage. Fungicide treatments were effective in reducing the occurrence of F. graminearum in the field and DON contamination in yield. There were no significant differences between fungicides. The most effective methods of controlling G. zeae and F. graminearum is selection resistant cultivars for cultivation. Careful selection of soil tillage method can also aid in controlling the pathogen.

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