Browsing by Subject "TVT"

In the past few decades, Western countries have evolved from industrial societies to information societies. Skills that are useful in life and work are not the same as before. Schools as an institution have been criticized for lagging behind in change. For this reason,21st Century Skills have been developed to work as a model of skills useful in the future. The aim of this study is to observe the ICT projects of some first-graders in one school through the lens of 21st Century Skills. My goal is to study which 21st Century Skills were learned in the projects and how. iPads were used in the projects; two classes made multimedia books of themselves and one made video interviews about different professions. The pupils also used Edmodo, which is a social media and learning environment aimed at schools. Their activity in Edmodo is also studied from the viewpoint of 21st Century Skills. Social media has changed the way people live and work in a global level, but it has not been used or studied much in elementary schools. My study is a case study whose subjects were pupils from three 1st grade classes (age ~7) in an elementary school in Helsinki metropolitan area. The school has a pedagogical ICT support person who planned and carried out the projects together with the class teachers. The projects took place in April-May 2013 and I was present at the school to observe the lessons. The data of my study comprises of my own observation notes, the video material I filmed and the content the pupils produced in Edmodo. The data is analyzed with theorybased themes as per a model of 21st Century Skills. All three classes were analyzed together. The data reflects the future challenges of teaching. Many contents of 21st Century Skills were learned in the projects. Especially, skills related to social interaction, technology, creativity and problem solving were learned. The pupils shared ideas and solved problems together. Their actions were creative and target-oriented. By using iPads the pupils worked on their ICT skills and learned to use new apps and services quickly. Edmodo supported social and technological learning goals. Some pupils uploaded a lot of content to Edmodo, some only a little. Although social media was used only briefly by the students, they learned vital skills for upcoming years in school.

Tutkimuksessa tarkastellaan ICT-yrityksen teknisen asiakastuen palvelupuheluita. Puheluiden osapuolina ovat viroa äidinkielenään, mutta suomea vieraana kielenään vähintään B2-tasoisesti osaavat teknisen tuen asiantuntijat ja suomea äidinkielenään puhuvat asiakkaat. Tutkimuskysymykset ovat seuraavat: 1. Miten palvelupuhelun sujuvuus ja epäsujuvuus ilmenevät, ja mitkä seikat puheluissa aiheuttavat sujuvuutta ja mitkä epäsujuvuutta? 2. Mitkä ovat asiakkaan odotukset teknisen asiakastuen puhelimitse suorittamassa ongelmanratkaisussa? Lisäksi tarkastellaan sitä, miten usein puheluissa sujuvuuden katkeaminen johtuu kakkoskielisen asiantuntijan suomen kielen taidosta. Työn tarkoituksena on löytää keinoja, joiden avulla palvelupuheluista saadaan sujuvampia ja tehokkaampia ja joiden avulla puhelinpalvelun asiakastyytyväisyys paranee, vaikka asiakkaiden antamat arviot ovat jo lähtökohtaisestikin hyviä. Tutkimusaineisto koostuu 162 suomenkielisestä palvelupuhelusta, jotka on tallennettu Tieto Oyj:lla kesällä 2018. Lisäksi käytössä on lähes 2500 asiakaspalautetta, joista tutkittiin tarkemmin niitä, jotka koskevat suomea vieraana kielenään puhuvien asiantuntijoiden hoitamia palvelupuheluita. Tutkimusmenetelmänä käytetään vuorovaikutustutkimusta ja tarkemmin keskustelunanalyysiä. Aineiston käsittelyssä noudatetaan GDPR-tietosuojalainsäädännön vaatimuksia. Tutkimuksessa on analysoitu sekä tilanteita, joissa vuorovaikutuksen eteneminen on epäsujuvaa tai ongelmallista, sekä tilanteita jotka etenevät sujuvasti. Analyysin perusteella puheluista erottuu kolme seikkaa, joihin kiinnitetään tarkemmin huomiota. Nämä ovat pitkät tauot puheluissa, ongelmat puheluiden johtamisessa ja asiantuntijan rooliodotusten vastainen toiminta. Työssä osoitetaan, että teknisen palvelupuhelun kaltaisissa institutionaalisissa keskusteluissa pitkätkin tauot puheessa ovat tavallisia, mutta keskeistä asiakaskokemuksen kannalta on se, miten ne valmistellaan. Kun asiantuntija ilmaisee jollain tavalla, että hän aikoo keskittyä ruututyöskentelyyn ja tulossa on tauko keskustelussa, asiakas hyvin harvoin häiritsee asiantuntijan aloittamaa taukoa ottamalla vuoroa itselleen. Hyvin valmistellut tauot voivat kestää usean minuutin ajan ilman, että asiakas pitää niitä ongelmallisena. Valmistelemattoman tauon aikana asiakas saattaa ilmaista epätietoisuutensa siitä, onko asiantuntija enää mukana puhelussa. Toinen merkittävä asia on puhelun johtaminen, johon liittyvät asiantuntijan puolelta myös puhelun tehokas haltuunotto heti tervehdysten jälkeen ja sujuva lopettaminen, kun ongelma(t) on käsitelty. Puhelun aikana asiantuntijan on johdettava puhelua aktiivisesti, jolloin puhelu etenee sujuvasti ja asiakkaan kokemus palvelusta paranee. Asiakkaan antaman tiedon, kysymysten ja pyyntöjen sivuuttaminen voi johtaa asiakkaan toistuviin palaamisiin niihin. Kolmas tarkemmin analysoitu asia on asiantuntijan käyttäytyminen rooliodotusten mukaisesti. Teknisen tuen asiantuntijalta odotetaan palautteiden perusteella hillittyä ja asiallista käytöstä. Mikäli asiantuntija toimii odotusten vastaisesti nauramalla asiakkaalle tai ylikorostamalla ongelman vakavuutta, asiakas menee hämilleen tai alkaa puolustautua. Näiden kolmen pääkohdan lisäksi tutkimuksessa osoitetaan, että Tiedon teknisen asiakastuen kakkoskielisten asiantuntijoiden suomen kielen taito on riittävällä tasolla suomea äidinkielenään puhuvien asiakkaiden kanssa toimimiseen puhelutilanteessa. Tutkielma lisää näköalaa suomenkielisten institutionaalisten puheluiden tutkimukseen niissä tapauksissa, kun asiantuntija ja asiakas toimivat epäsymmetrisessa asemassa toisiinsa nähden. Lisäksi tässä tutkielmassa monista muista Suomessa tehdyistä tutkimuksista poiketen kakkoskielinen osallistuja on asiantuntija ja äidinkielinen toimija asiakas, jolloin huomataan, että riittävällä kielitaitotasolla toimittaessa kakkoskielisen asiantuntijan kielitaito ei ole määräävässä asemassa puhelussa, vaan osanottajat toimivat asiantuntija-asiakas-rooliensa mukaisesti.

The aim of this study is to investigate the reasons and restrictions behind teachers' use of ICT in their teaching, in a situation in which the school has a good number and variation of devices available. The main research question was: Why does or doesn't a teacher use the ICT devices in his/her teaching? For studying this further I used more specific questions that concerned 1) the amount and ways of using different equipment, 2) thoughts about the relevance of using the devices available and 3) the teachers' perceptions of their own competence regarding the same equipment. The study is a qualitative interview study. A semi-structured interview was used to collect the data from three primary school teachers. The teachers work in the same school where ICT devices are relatively well available. The research material was analyzed by the means of direction based content analysis. The teachers had many reasons for their use of ICT in teaching. The most common ones were the possibilities offered by the equipment, the different ways of learning, the importance of having ICT skills in today's society, the motivational reasons and the added practical value in everyday teaching. The main issue restricting their use was lack of time along with difficulties in prioritising, when the possibilities seem unlimited. Technical challenges were also a topic. Despite the challenges, the teachers were motivated to harness the potential of the devices to their legitimate purpose.

Tiivistelmä - Referat - Abstract The purpose of this study is to examine the digitalization of finnish elementary school. The digitalization of elementary school is one of the main processes in finnish educational field. Digitalization is expected to renew obsolete pedagogical practices and teaching methods. Digitalization of education is seen as a way to achieve wanted know-how, but also it is ambition in itself. The material of this research consists such textual ensembles that has influence to organizing the finnish schooling. Material is comprised of finnish curriculum, and two reports that consider the development of the digitalization in finnish elementary school. The research analyse were made in discourse analytic framework, by analysing the texts seeking those discourses that were produced by speech, and also seeking those discourses that was able to see and witch were constructed by silences. The idea of discourse analyse is that spesific authoric speech is a use of poerty and way to build "truths". These truths are given to us, and usually accepted by us without granted. The digitalization of finnish elementary school is seen in this research as such given truth, that we accept and follow, despite the fact that there is several contradictory discourses linked to it. As a result of this study can be proposed that the digitalization of finnish elementary school is justified by arguing it as necessary citizen expertise that helps individual survive in the continuosly changing labour markets and society. This discourse consists the idea of lifelong learning. The digitalization of elementary school can be also seen as a discourse, where the main ambition is to maximize the governmentary finances and its growth, as a way to empower the competitiveness of the state. Third main discourse that were able to identify, is digitaliazations connection to neoliberalistic technology-economic orientation, that maintains the western economics, which ambition is to gain continuous growth of economics by production that is closely linked to ecological destruction and damage of environment of our planet.

Nowadays, children are growing up in a digital and technology-saturated world and as a consequence a child is viewed early on as a capable user of technology. However, learning a new subject cannot ignore the support and teaching that an adult can give, even though a child is faced as competent technology user. This Bachelor's Thesis was intended to describe and highlight the experiences of kindergarten teachers on the use of tablet devices in early childhood education. I wanted to find out how kindergarten teachers make use of tablet devices as a learning tool and how the use of tablets reflects the learning areas set in the new National Core Curriculum for Early Childhood Education and Care. Secondly, I wanted to find out what benefits and challenges tablets have as a learning tool in kindergarten teachers’ experience. My research is a qualitative research. The study material was collected through a questionnaire published in three different Facebook groups. The survey was open to respondents for one month and was answered by 34 kindergarten teachers. The method of analysing the material is data and theorybased content analysis. Based on the results of the study, kindergarten teachers use tablet devices diversely in all the areas of learning of the new National Core Curriculum for Early Childhood Education and Care. The results also show that teachers use tablets in integrating the different areas of learning. Tablets are most used as a tool for documenting, producing different forms of visual art and for developing the child's mathematical and linguistic skills. The challenges kindergarten teachers faced with tablet devices were too few devices in early childhood setting, the technological problems of the devices, the lack of pedagogical content of various applications, the difficulty of maintaining their own know-how, and the lack of training of other educators and their negative attitude towards the use of tablets. On the other hand, kindergarten teachers felt that the benefit of tablets as a learning tool were their mobility, the possibilities for using the device to expand the learning environments and their wide use as documentation tool. In addition, kindergarten teachers felt that a tablet was a useful tool for their own work. The tablet was used as an aid in the design of curriculum-based activities, observation and documentation, as well as a means of communication with parents.