Browsing by Subject "daghem"

Jag har valt att skriva om barnens rörelsemönster, eftersom det är ett aktuellt ämne då barn rör sig allt mindre nuförtiden. Fysisk aktivitet ser även annorlunda ut på olika daghem och genom att lyfta fram detta kan man inspireras av andras sätt att röra på sig. Syftet med studien är att ta reda på hur små barns rörelseaktiviteter ser ut på daghem. Jag vill få reda på om barnen rör sig tillräckligt under daghems dagen och i vilka aktiviteter barnen rör på sig. I studien fokuserar jag på barn i åldrarna tre till fem, eftersom de oftast har utvecklade grundmotoriska färdigheter. Baserat på studiens syfte, är mina forskningsfrågor följande; 1. Hur mycket rör barn på sig under vardagen på daghem? 2. Hurdana rörelseaktiviteter tar barnen del av under vardagen på daghem? Studien är utförd med hjälp av frågeformulär med fasta och öppna svarsalternativ. Studien har både en både kvalitativ och kvantitativ forskningsansats. Infomanterna för studien är 10 stycken lärare inom småbarnspedagogik i en kommun. Resultatet visar att barnen i allmänhet rör sig tillräckligt samt mångsidigt. Det framkom att de flesta pedagoger ansåg att barnen i deras grupp rör sig i enlighet med Ubildniningssty-relsens rörelse rekommendationer, medan några lärare påpekade att barnen kunde röra sig mer. Alla barn ges möjligheten att leka fysiskt aktiva lekar både inomhus och utomhus samt i olika miljöer, som skogen och parker. Barn har rätt till att röra på sig och ska upp-muntras att göra det oavsett miljö.

The purpose of this thesis is to get an insight in kindergarten teachers’ thoughts about children’s participation and how children can influence in kindergartens and pre-schools. The focus on this study is kindergarten teachers’ thoughts and experiences on children’s participation. The theoretical background discusses children’s participation and what it means to take a child’s perspective. National regulatory documents and previous research is also discussed. This study is a qualitative study with interviews as method. Five kindergarten teachers were interviewed, three of which work with 3 to 5-year-olds and two at pre-schools. The interviews were recorded and transcribed. The results indicate that the kindergarten teachers consider children’s participation to be important and are encouraging children to influence in kindergarten and pre-school. The age of a child is not an obstacle for them to influence, but the age affects on how they can influence. All interviewed kindergarten teachers work with projects where the theme is decided by the children. Furthermore, children’s participation can be seen in daily routines and spontaneous situations. The kindergarten teachers experience difficulties within both the child group and amongst staff when it comes to children’s participation.

The purpose of this study is to give insight into, and to create a better understanding of children’s thoughts on bullying. Understanding the phenomenon from the children’s point of view is of immense importance for the educators working to prevent bullying in kindergartens. The theoretical premise for the study is bullying in kindergartens. The survey is made up of individual, qualitative interviews, conducted with the story crafting method. Ten pre–school children participated in the study. The interviews started with reading out loud from a children’s book in which the predominating theme was bullying. The children then proceeded to draw a picture of a confrontation between oppressor or oppressors and victim, together with an accompanying story. The discussion that followed was then recorded in order for it to be analyzed at a later stage. The study’s most important result implies that children mainly associate the phenomenon of bullying with verbal and physical abuse. There is also a notable difference between the children in nature of the bullying. Girls highlight verbal abuse while boys tend to focus on the physical side of it. The result also shows that bullying cause negative sentiments in the victim. The pictures that were drawn in order to illustrate their view of the phenomenon tend to employ mainly darker colors. From the study one can conclude that educators in kindergartens have an important role and a responsibility to create awareness of, and to take preventive measures against bullying.

Pedagogical documentation is used as a tool to make children’s thinking and learning visible, both for the child itself and for others. As a method it helps us in understanding every child’s individual learning process. The purpose of the study is to find out which methods of pedagogical documentation kindergarten teachers use and what the aim of the documentation is. Pedagogical documentation, in the sense it will be described in the study, has its roots in the pedagogical philosophy in the city of Reggio Emilia in Italy. Therefore there also is an interest for how the philosophy is visible in the kindergartens. The study was executed by qualitative interviews. The informants were three kindergarten teachers all working in kindergartens with influence from the pedagogical philosophy in Reggio Emilia. The interviews were fully recorded and transcribed. In the transcribing process meaning condensation was used to make the analysing process more effortless. The result indicates that the most used methods for pedagogical documentation are taking notes and photographing. The documentation is used to make the child’s development, as well as the everyday life at the kindergarten, visible for the parents. It is also used to support the child’s learning process. The Reggio Emilia philosophy was visible in accenting the sense of community and the importance of participation. Even though the Reggio Emilia philosophy had similar characteristics in the kindergartens, it was pointed out that every kindergarten creates its own philosophy and the adaptation of Reggio Emilia-philosophy looks different in every kindergarten.

Syftet med avhandlingen är att ta reda på hurdana högläsningsrutiner som förekommer på daghem i en mindre kommun i södra Finland. Det är också av intresse att se hurdana skillnader som framträder i högläsningsstunderna beroende på barnets ålder. Forskning visar att högläsning är en viktig del av verksamheten på daghem och för att barnen ska få ut så mycket som möjligt av en högläsningsstund är det viktigt att den är välplanerad och bra genomförd. För att öka barnens förståelse över det lästa är det också bra att man bearbetar det lästa på något sätt. Min forskning är kvalitativ och som metod använde jag mig av intervjuer. Jag gjorde sex kvalitativa intervjuer med sex lärare inom småbarnspedagogik var av två jobbar med 0–4 åringar, två med 3–5 åringar och två i förskola. Resultatet visar på att lärarna var medvetna om högläsningens positiva effekter och högläsning är någonting som skedde varje dag på daghemmen. Lärarna var eniga över att det största syftet med högläsningen var att stärka barnens språk. Det fanns små skillnader bland åldersgrupperna, till exempel i vilken sorts böcker de läste.

The purpose of this study was to examine teachers point of view on exploratory conversations as a tool for supporting children´s education. Exploratory conversations means conversations where the teacher helps the children to express himself/herself, phrase questions and by himself/herself find answers to their questions. The purpose of this study was also to examine if and how conversations can work as support for developing good relationships between child and teacher in kindergarten. The theoretical frame focuses on a review of what relationship, conversation and exploratory conversation is and how these can exist. The study was qualitative and based on interviews. In the study participated five teachers from three different kindergartens. The interviews was based on one group interview and three individual interviews. My research approach is phenomenological-hermeneutic. Data collection method in this study was semi-structured interviews. The results in this study show that exploratory conversations consist of three different parts which form the complete picture. The three different parts are the actual action in exploring, the process in exploring and the meeting in the exploratory conversation. The components for the action in exploring is to find out, find your own tools for finding out and space for conversation to report what you found. The components for the process is wonder, the teachers open questions, implication, cooperation and narratorial. The teachers approach in the exploratory conversation together with the child should be empathic. The empathic approach consist the teachers interpretation, the teachers observation, how the teacher listen, the teachers understanding and the teachers confirmation. The results in this study also show that the aspects in a conversation for developing a good relationship between child and teacher is the teachers responsibility, is the form of the conversation and also the interaction and good-fellowship. The components of the teachers responsibilities are the teachers own personal development, how the teacher listen and how much fait the teacher can build for the child. The form of the conversation consists of safe and affirmative conversations, curious and joyful conversations and also conversations with body language. The interaction describes what the teacher and the child do together and the good-fellowship describes how the teacher and the child are together. Lastly the results show how good relationships can support a child´s education and development if the relationship between the child and the teacher is safe, joyful and well-being. The results also show that the safe, joyful and well-being relationship will bring positive components as concentration and focus for education and development for the child.

Det huvudsakliga syftet med min kandidatavhandling är att beskriva, analysera och tolka frågan om hur väl förberedda studeranden är med tanke på det kommande föräldrasamarbetet. Jag vill dessutom ta reda på vilken pedagogens professionella roll och ansvar är i sammanhanget, samt skapa mig en bild av hur studerandena uppfattar sig själva i relation till den professionella rollen och vad orsakerna till eventuell osäkerhet i samarbetet kunde tänkas bottna i. Studien genomfördes som en kvalitativ intervjustudie. I studien intervjuades fem blivande små-barnspedagoger, det vill säga studeranden i slutskedet av sina studier. Resultatet visar att studerandena i slutet av sina studier är väl förberedda för samarbetet med för-äldrarna, även om det delvis råder en osäkerhet bland dem i frågor som berör samarbetet. Resulta-tet visar också att även om en del av den professionella kompetensen kommer som ett resultat av praktisk erfarenhet i arbetslivet, verkar studerandena ha de grundläggande kunskaper som behövs för samarbetet med föräldrar

I’m interested in the positive effects that reading aloud offers for children and the teacher’s role in it. Along with new technology new forms of the traditional read alouds has emerged. In this study I will treat the concept digital tools within focus on reading aloud and it will be based on the Finnish preschool curriculum. The aim of this study is to investigate the importance of reading aloud for young children in preschool. This is a qualitative study that highlights thoughts and experiences about read alouds. I’ve used relevant literature and interviewed three preschool teachers with a position as a kindergarten teacher at preschools in Finland. The interviews have been conducted through an electronical questionnaire. The result is based on the literature and on the interviews and how these support each other. The result shows that reading aloud has a positive effect on the child’s development and why it is important to include it in the preschool activities. The preschool teachers tell that they use digital tools such as audiobooks but prefer traditional read alouds to enhance the feeling of togetherness. The teachers agree that the aim of read alouds is to support children’s language skills but also mention other areas of development through read alouds.

Fungerande ledarskap har en koppling till högre kvalitet inom verksamheten för småbarnspedagogik. I studien ville jag granska vad lärare inom småbarnspedagogik gör för att utveckla sitt ledarskap. Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur lärare inom småbarnspedagogik ser på teamledarskap i sitt arbetslag och hur de gör för att upprätthålla en välmående arbetsgemenskap. Jag valde att studera ledarskap på grund av mitt intresse för ämnet och för att i utbildningen i kandidatprogrammet i pedagogik erbjuds ingen ledarskapsutbildning. Samtidigt förväntas lärare inom småbarnspedagogik arbeta som teamledare i arbetslaget inom det småbarnspedagogiska fältet. Studien är en kvalitativ intervjustudie där teori och tidigare forskning granskas med inspiration av den hermeneutiska analysmetoden. Undersökningsgruppen bestod av tre lärare inom småbarnspedagogik som arbetade med olika ålders barn inom småbarnspedagogiken. En av informanterna arbetade med yngre barn och den andra informanten med äldre barn på daghem. Den tredje informanten arbetade med barn som deltog i förskoleundervisning. Resultatet visar att kvaliteten på verksamheten höjs då ledarskapet fungerar. Läraren förväntas ta tillvara och förverkliga det teoretiska i styrdokumenten till daghemmets och förskolans praktik. Lärarna sätter krav på sig själva för ansvarandet av den pedagogiska verksamheten. Det här uppmuntras av föreståndaren med att hen är delaktig i processen. Slutsatsen är att det behövs öppen dialog, tydlig kommunikation och gemensamma reflektionsstunder i arbetsteamet så att hela teamet är delaktiga och får möjlighet att utvärdera och utveckla verksamheten. Mentorskap för nyutexaminerade lärare kan bidra till en bättre start i början av deras karriär.

The purpose of this study is to describe the interest in drama education in Swedish-speaking kindergartens and pre-schools in Helsinki. This study also researches different drama- and theatre performers’ thoughts about the use of drama and theatre with young children. The theoretic background describes the appearance of drama education and child theatre, the concepts of drama, drama education and theatre. The field of drama is explained. The learning possibilities when using drama and theatre are discussed. The main research method is qualitative interview; one kindergarten teacher, one drama pedagogue, and one actor were interviewed. The study also contains a small quantitative survey, which was answered by 26 persons working in Swedish-speaking kindergartens and pre-schools in Helsinki. The result of the study shows an interest in drama education, among just few persons. Drama education can therefore be seen as a special interest of few pedagogues. The result also reveals obvious advantages and disadvantages drama performers experience using drama and theatre with young children. The advantages are for instance that drama and theatre provide a possibility to complete experience, a “flow-state” may be reached, you get the opportunity to pay attention to the children’s opinions and you instruct in a better way using drama activity. Social skills and self-development improve and what you learn from drama and theatre is considered meaningful. The disadvantage is the children’s young age. Children have trouble concentrating and using abstract thinking. They also have lack of experience in drama and theatre. These factors may lead to confusion. Other disadvantages are uncertainty regarding the drama method teacher-in-role, difficulties in building up an appropriate drama-process and also balancing between chaos and structure.