Browsing by Subject "naapurusto"

Objective. Studies have shown that callous-unemotional traits in adolescents predict delinquency but only recently the moderators and mediators of this association have become of interest. The aim of this review of literature is to discuss the effects of neighborhood, witnessing violence and peers on delinquent behaviour of callous-unemotional youth. Results and conclusions. The role of the neighborhood was not unambiguous. One study found that the callous-unemotional traits were more stronly associated with delinquent behaviour in higher risk neighborhoods, another study concluded that the effects of callous-unemotional traits on delinquent behaviour was invariant across the levels of neighborhood disorder whereas third one neighborhood had an effect on the quality, not quantity, of delinquent behaviour. Witnessing violence fully mediated the relationship between callous-unemotional traits and all types of delinquency, but exposure to violence in the form of direct victimization mediated only the relationship between callous-unemotional traits and substance delinquency. Callous-unemotional traits were associated with a greater likelihood of adolescent offending in groups compared to other antisocial youth and assuming the role of a leader in the group. These results can be interpreted in the light of the callous-unemotional traits these adolescents have (i.a. lack of empathy and remorse, shallow emotions, being less sensitive to punishment, sensation-seeking). These explain their tendency towards delinquency independent of the neighborhood context and manipulation of others in group crime, among other things.