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The purpose of this study is to describe the importance of mentoring from the perspective of building an adult mentee’s self-esteem and capability. Mentoring is millennia old, but also a contemporary method, to contribute to the professional development of an employee in the workplace. Mentoring has been studied, for example, from the perspective of the benefits it provides for the mentor, mentee and organisation. Factors contributing to mentee’s self-esteem and capability have yet to be studied in great detail despite the fact that the studies and theory prove that an individual’s self-esteem and capability build up in an interaction with the environment and other people. Mentorship is an interaction where a more experi-enced mentor offers his own knowledge for the benefit of a less experienced mentee. This study examines what kind of mentoring contributes to the strengthening of an adult mentee’s self-esteem and capability, as well as how a mentor can support building of an adult mentee’s self-esteem and capability as the other member the mentorship. I carried out the study as a qualitative descriptive literature review. The study is based on mentoring, self-esteem and capability related literature as well as scientific studies whose perspective is about building an adult mentee’s self-esteem and capability. Based on the source material, I have described those characteristics of a mentor and mentoring that sup-port the strengthening of mentee’s self-esteem and capability. Several factors have an influence on building a mentee’s self-esteem and capability. Each relationship is unique and every mentee has own distinctive needs. High-quality mentoring appears to require the fulfilment of a certain criteria, and a consequent quality mentoring may provide a good foundation to strengthen a mentee’s self-esteem and capability. In par-ticular, the previous studies have confirmed that the psychosocial functions of the mentor have an association with job-related self-confidence and capability. Listening and discussion are at the centre of mentoring, and therefore, the interaction andcommunication skills of the mentor seem to have huge importance on building a mentee’s self-esteem and capability.