Browsing by Subject "työn hallinta ja vaatimukset"

According to studies, changes in work life over last five years have contributed to the growth of work pressure and requirements which is why the stress at work has greatly increased. Work-related stress has been studied a lot from the perspective of external factors, but the need to take employee’s personal characteristics under review has increased. This literature review aimed to bring together studies of temperament, job strain and the relationship between them. Previous studies have shown that certain temperament traits are related to the general stress vulnerability, so interest was to find out whether these traits are related also to work-related stress. The study was carried out as a literature review utilizing largely the field of psychology studies. Narrative and descriptive literature review made it possible to go through a large number of different kinds of materials and analyze them making separated knowledge a unified whole. Data was collected from the electronic information retrieval system and library search engines in University of Helsinki. This study used a lot Liisa Keltikangas-Järvinen’s literature, for she is the leading author of Finnish temperament research. Temperament is an innate tendency to react to various stimuli and act in a way that is characteristic for everybody. Temperament is evident specially in stressful situations when stress factors prevent rational thinking and acting in learned manners. Job strain is caused by high job demands and low control and imbalance between efforts and rewards. Previously temperament has been found to be associated with both physical and mental diseases. Also, long lasting work stress will lead to physical and mental symptoms and eventually to serious diseases such as cardiovascular disease and burnout. Emotional sensitivity, tendency to worry, avoidance in new situations and the loss of functional capacity were associated with job strain whereas briskness, flexibility, positive attitude and approach to the new protected from it. To avoid harmful effects of job strain and to design effective interventions employees’ temperament and job strain factors should be identified. One effective option is cognitive-behavioral methods, which affect in individual's ways of thinking and acting in stressful situations. Avainsanat