Browsing by Subject "Picea"
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(2020)In Arboretum Mustila, the most significant private tree species collection in Finland, cultivation of exotic conifer species began in the 1910s. Finnish research on exotic conifers stems from the interests of commercial forestry although the focus of cultivating these conifers has shifted to horticultural and landscaping use in practice. This study is an inventory aiming to produce knowledge on the performance of conifer plantations in Mustila Arboretum. In addition, the results of the inventory are usable in targeting the selection of reproduction material in the Arboretum and they enable further discussion on benefits and possibilities of breeding exotic conifers. 41 tree species from genera Abies, Chamaecyparis, Cuprsessus, Larix, Picea, Pinus, Pseudotsuga, Thuja and Tsuga were included in the study. Yield parameters, tree quality, tree damages and phenotypic variability in important properties to horticultural landscaping use were assessed in forest stands and tree groups. 1-4 permanent circular plots were established to each forest stand for measurements and additionally phenotypic variance was estimated visually. Results of the inventory are available for the Arboretum and every single tree can be tracked even after decades. Most of the Arboretums exotic conifer plantations are suitable sources for reproduction of trees for gardens and parks. Abies balsamea, Abies koreana, Abies nephrolepis, Larix gmelinii var. japonica, Larix sibirica, Pinus peuce and Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca were most vital of the studied species. Stand volume exceeded 500 m3/ha within 16 species. Results of the inventory indicate that more exotic species perform well in Southern Finnish conditions than former studies have shown.
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(2013)Nursery grown seedlings are an essential part of the forestry industry. These seedlings are grown under high nutrient conditions caused by fertilization. Though grown in a controlled environment, symbionts such as ectomycorrhizal fungi (EcMF) are often found in these conditions. To examine the effects of EcMF in these conditions, colonized Picea glauca seedlings were collected from Toumey Nursery in Watersmeet, MI. After collection, the EcMF present were morphotyped, and seedlings with different morphotypes were divided equally into two treatment types- fertilized and unfertilized. Seedlings received treatment for one growing season. After that time, seedlings were collected, ectomycorrhizas identified using 1morphotyping and DNA sequencing, and seedlings were analyzed for differences in leaf nutrient concentration, content, root to shoot ratio, total biomass, and EcMF community structure. DNA sequencing identified 5 unique species groups- Amphinema sp. 1, Amphinema sp. 5, Thelephora terrestris, Sphaerosporella brunnea, and Boletus variipes. In the unfertilized treatment it was found that Amphinema sp. 1 strongly negatively impacted foliar N concentration. In fertilized seedlings, Thelephora terrestris had a strong negative impact on foliar phosphorus concentration, while Amphinema sp. 1 positively impacted foliar boron, magnesium, manganese, and phosphorus concentration. In terms of content, Amphinema sp. 1 led to significantly higher content of manganese and boron in fertilized treatments, as well as elevated phosphorus in unfertilized seedlings. Amphinema sp. 5 had a significant negative effect on phosphorus content. When examining root to shoot ratio and biomass, those seedlings with more non-mycorrhizal tips had a higher root to shoot ratio. Findings from the study shed light on the interactions of the species. Amphinema sp. 5 shows very different functionality than Amphinema sp. 1. Amphinema sp. 1 appears to have the highest positive effect on seedling nutrition when in both fertilized and unfertilized environments. Amphinema sp. 5 and T. terrestris appear to behave parasitically in both fertilized and unfertilized conditions.
Now showing items 1-2 of 2