Browsing by Subject "disakkaridi"

Spray drying is one way to dry protein medicines and it has many advantages compared to other drying methods, for example it is a fast process. In spray drying high temperature and mechanical stress can inactivate the protein. Disaccharides are generally used as protective agents of protein in spray drying because they have an ability to protect the structure of the protein during drying and storage. Aim of this research was to study the stability of the protein during spray drying and storage by using β-galactosidace as a model protein. Aim was also to characterize the physical properties of trehalose and melibiose and to study how well they protect the protein. Some of the central matters to be examined were the glass transition temperature, crystallinity, water activity, yield of the spray dried powder and protein activity. Especially studying the properties of melibiose in spray drying was important because it has not been used before. The study also included the optimization of the process parameters to be suitable for the product. Trehalose and melibiose transformed to an amorphous form during spray drying. Both XRPD and DSC showed an amorfous form. Trehalose and melibiose proved to be good protective agents for the protein during spray drying and storatge probably because they remained their amorphous structure. β-galactosidase remained activity very well. Optimizing of the process parameters was successful because protein remained its activity and still the powder was quite dry and yield was good. The changes in the structure of the protein were studied with FT-IR but the amount of the protein was too small. Problems caused by the spray drier may have an effect to the results, but on the other hand the spray dryer was made to work optimally.