Browsing by Subject "diskursiiviset käytännöt"
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(2019)The objective of my study is to examine therapeutic ethos in public presentations of project-based activities that are directed at young people. Youth is examined in societal level in late-modern time where transitions to adulthood are becoming more risky and complex in the markets of work and education. The young people that are outside of institutions, create societal concern which is answered by creating therapeutic project-based support. These projects are also subject to markets and competition. In this study, I ask the question how the therapeutic ethos is present in the projects public presentations and how therapeutic ethos in projects as discursive practices creates images of youth and possible subjectivities that are offered to them. The perspective of this study is based to post-structural theories. The data in this study consists six different project-based support systems public documents from public web pages. The data includes reports, project depictions, brochures and marketing material. The data has been analyzed with a discursive approach which uses the nomadic research method. The analysis was based on the idea that discourses are seen as societal and cultural practices that create ways of being and speaking in the right way. These discourses can also be opposed. According to this study, therapeutic ethos in projects discursive practices appears as culturally influential discourses and understanding of feelings and inner state of mind where it also turns societal interests and project-based actions to the language and view which emphasizes representations of inner state of mind. This leads to a situation, where the problems that young adults face are translated as young adults’ inner psychological deficits where the societal view point becomes marginalized. At the same time therapeutic ethos, as a part of discursive practices, expands the general awareness of vulnerability and importance of therapeutic knowledge. The possible subjectivities created were self-knowing ideal-subjectivity and its counterpart lost-subjectivities.
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(2017)The aim of this study is to investigate how fatherhood is perceived from the perspective of separated men. Special attention is given to the way in which these men negotiate their fatherhood after separation, and what kinds of fatherhood identities and positions are made possible, constructed, or excluded through these negotiations. In addition, the feelings which are associated with the construction of fatherhood after separation are explored. The theoretic-philosophic framework of this study discusses research into social construction of reality, parenthood and fatherhood after separation, and the various dimensions of cultural, social, and institutional contexts in which fatherhood is constructed. The empirical data of this study consists of 11 nonresident father interviews, 7 of which were conducted via e-mail. All the fathers chosen to participate had experienced some difficulties in the co-parenting relationship with the mother of their children. The theoretic-methodological approach, and simultaneously the underlying assumption covering the entire research process of this study, is discursive approach, mainly grounded in the work of Michel Foucault, and particularly his understanding of the concept of discourse: discourses are discursive practices, which are seen as not just elements of language but as multidimensional networks of relationships and rules, which combine the elements of knowledge, power, and politics in a process of constructing subject positions and identities. The analysis revealed that separated men construct their experience of fatherhood negotiating discursively in a relationship with various intertwined practices, which are conceptualized as: 1) discursive practices of gendered parenthood, 2) cultural narratives, categories, and stereotypes of fatherhood and masculinity, 3) economic-juridical practices of shared parenthood, 4) institutional discourses and practices of family professionals, and 5) practices of everyday parenting. Gender (particularly exclusive mothering), the emphasis on the economic-juridical parenthood, the power of the family experts and professionals to define and evaluate parenthood, and the relationship with the mother of the children are seen as significant factors in opening or closing fatherhood possibilities after separation, and leading to diminishing fatherhood, and the fathers locating themselves in the position of the "other", not a mother. Three categories of context bound fatherhood identities or positions were formed on the bases of the fathers' interviews: excluded fathers, fathers holding out, and survivor fathers. Negative and conflicting feelings, particularly frustration, are stressed in constructing fatherhood after separation. Positive feelings and experiences are mainly associated with the time actually spent with the children, and with the fact that it also gives the fathers an opportunity to realize their own kind of parenthood separate from the mother of the children.
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