Browsing by Subject "luetun ymmärtäminen"
Now showing items 1-5 of 5
-
(2023)Objectives. The aim of this study is to examine elementary school teachers’ views on reading comprehension and teaching reading comprehension. The objective is to gain information about the different ways in which teachers think about reading comprehension. Another objective is to gain information on the ways in which teachers teach and assess reading comprehension. Methods. The study was conducted in Finland as a qualitative research. A semi-structured thematic interview was used to collect data. The interviews were conducted between February and May in 2023. The sample (N = 6) consisted of 4 class teachers and 2 teachers who taught Finnish as second language. After transcription the data was analyzed by using qualitative content analysis method. Results. According to teachers reading comprehension is a complex phenomenon. There were multiple factors that teachers associated with good reading comprehension such as language skills, the home literacy environment and textual factors. Reading comprehension was viewed as a tool for learning and a way of making it through everyday life. Teachers mentioned that it was important to support good reading experiences and reading motivation among students. Reading comprehension was taught simultaneously with different subjects. Instruction of reading comprehension also meant teaching of strategies and supporting children’s interest for reading. Instruction of reading comprehension is an important aspect of teaching as a whole. It’s important to support teachers in their efforts to nurture literacy.
-
(2018)Good reading comprehension skills are important for everyone. Easy-to-read books can give struggling readers an opportunity to acquire knowledge and improve their reading comprehension – in other words, learn. However, there are very few studies on the reading comprehension of people with an intellectual disability. The aim of this study is to identify the discursive means in descriptions of reading comprehension in theoretical literature on easy-to-read Finnish and ascertain how they either invite people with an intellectual disability to learn or exclude them. The methods of Foucauldian and critical discourse analyses are used in this study. The data comprise all handbooks on the theory of easy-to-read Finnish that have thus far been published, between 1986 and 2015, excluding those that focus primarily on verbal interaction. In handbooks on the theory of easy-to-read Finnish, the reading skills of people with an intellectual disability are represented within the institutional framework of medicine, special needs education and social services. Discourses in this literature are designated as the medical model, the social model and the cultural model. All of them enable both an inclusive and an exclusive approach to the reading of people with an intellectual disability. In the theoretical literature examined in this thesis, the most notable discourse is the exclusive medical model which emphasises the permanent problems that those with disabilities have with reading. The exclusive social model naturalises the acknowledgement of reading problems and obscures the institutionalised nature of the unequal treatment of people with an intellectual disability as readers. This discourse occurs mainly in the literature written during the 2000s. The dominant inclusive discourse is the cultural model. It assumes that reading belongs to everyone despite their cognitive capacity, while reading problems also apply to anyone. The inclusive aspect of the social model is mainly limited to highlighting accessibility, however not giving any emphasis to equal educational rights. It would be crucial for learning to acquire a key role in the theoretical literature on easy-to-read language, because without an opportunity to learn, there can be no social equality
-
(2020)Goals. Reading comprehension is thought to be a complex, transactional process of generating meaning from text. Although the research of comprehension has been extensive, the study of reading comprehension in the intellectually disabled has gained less traction. However, it seems that reading comprehension in the intellectually disabled is affected by the same underlying processes as in other groups, and some of them appear to be able to benefit from reading comprehension interventions.. The goal of this Master’s Thesis was to develop material suitable for teaching reading comprehension to students with ID. The focus of the research was to study the reading comprehension of ID students and to determine whether the material was suitable for instruction. Methods.The research was conducted as a mixed methods design. The participants were 6 special education students from years 6‒9; of which five had a confirmed diagnosis of ID. The participants used the material with researcher direction for 6 weeks, and their reading comprehension skills were tested pre- and post intervention. The participants were observed during practise period and testing, and they contributed by expressing their own opinion of the teaching material. Results and conclusions. The research indicated that the reading comprehension skill of the participants was below the mean for first grade students. During the practise period the reading comprehension skills of two of the participants increased, and they were able to answer with more length and accuracy in a free recall test. As a group, the participants appeared to regard the teaching material positively, and they were able to complete most of the exercises when offered support. However, one of the exercises proved to be difficult for all of the participants to master. The conclusion ot the present study is that the material may benefit some students with ID, but requires further development. The testing of the intellectually disabled participants also proved challenging, which may indicate a need for research into tests suitable for students with ID.
-
(2019)Low reading comprehency is connected to pupils with low reading skills. There are several reading strategy programs that could be teached at schools in order to enforce reading comprehency. It is not clear though, how much and in which way do textbooks in average lend themselves for such teaching methods. In other words, are certain characteristics of a textbook (for instance in lay-out) likely to support reading comprehency or not? Reciprocal teaching (RT) is a method for enhancing reading comprehency and it is based on four reading strategies: predicting aims at activating relevant background knowledge before reading, clarifying aims at critical evaluation during reading, questioning aims at concentration on the main ideas of the text, summarizing aims at allocating attention to the major content and also checking one’s understanding. In this study two finnish textbooks are analysed from the point of view of RT. Aleksis 9, which is a textbook of finnish language and literature for 9th graders, is compared to Aleksis 9E, which is a special education version of the former. The analysis concentrates on certain characteristics of lay-out and content that are first linked to RT’s four strategies. Also the characteristics that help to use the book are analysed, as well as some principles of easy-to-read lay-out. The qualitative methods used are content analysis and linquistic analysis. The purpose of the study is to find out whether the books differ as they give opportunities for carrying out RT. The study indicates that Aleksis 9E suits better than Aleksis 9 for strategies of predicting and summarizing. In addition it seems to be better organized and is therefore easier to use than Aleksis 9. Aleksis 9E also achieves the principles of easy-to read lay-out better than Aleksis 9. Therefore Aleksis 9E gives more opportunities for carrying out RT in average than Aleksis 9. The lack of Aleksis 9E is though, that some of its text-elements reformed due special education seemed to be more thwarting for reading comprehension than the original text-elements in Aleksis 9. Aleksis 9E would also meet the demands for RT even better, if the sentences were split over lines as instructed in easy-to-read principles. According to results it is possible to utilize certain characteristics of lay-out and content for the use of RT, but the requirements for that depend on each textbook. Therefore, the knowledge concerning reading comprehency should be part of book-production allready very early on, even before the principles of lay-out are being established. Further reseach could be targeted for instance at generating, evaluating and realising certain pedagogical elements on the basis of studies about reading comprehency.
-
(2016)Objectives. The purpose of the study was to follow literacy and reading comprehension progress in a multi-cultural school in the first grade. In my research I reviewed also learning support in the form of remedial teaching. There was little information about immigrant pupils learning to read especially in southern Finland with multicultural areas. Literacy and reading comprehension are in focus, when you look at successful school careers. Previous studies have shown that the effects of literacy and reading comprehension persist after primary and secondary school. Methods. The study involved four first grade classes in one multicultural elementary school in Vantaa. One of the classes was integrated special education class. The study involved a total of 67 1st grade pupils. There were 29 Finnish pupils and 38 immigrant pupils. The data was collected during the academic year 2013-2014 with ARMI- assessment tool. Statistical methods, Kruskal-Wallis test, was used to compare the performance of Finnish pupils and pupils with immigrant background in three points of assessment in the fall, winter and spring. Results and conclusions. Finnish pupils achieved accurate reading skill faster than the immigrant pupils. The difference between the groups in reading comprehension was clear in winter. The difference between the groups and the results in winter and spring increased during the 1st class. Learning support was provided to immigrant pupils much more than to Finnish pupils. The total number was 264.5 hours during the school year. Finnish students were given remedial teaching 94.5 hours and the immigrant pupils 170 hours during the first grade. In conclusion assessment tools for immigrant pupils must be developed and normalized. The migrant pupils' reading and reading comprehension are not progressing so well as the skills of Finnish students. The difference is significant at the end of 1st class
Now showing items 1-5 of 5