Browsing by Subject "burnout"
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(2017)Aims. There are two main frameworks to approach disengagement in studying: educational psychology and occupational psychology. Both frameworks have gathered analogous results on the problems in studying and their risks for low success, drop out and ill-being. However, there is no research on the hypothesis that these frameworks investigate same phenomena with different concepts. Thus, the main aim of this study was to construct a measurement model by combining two inventories: firstly, MED NORD (Medical Education in Nordic countries) from educational psychology framework measuring lack of interest and lack of regulation, and secondly, SBI (School Burnout Inventory) from occupational psychology framework measuring exhaustion, cynicism and inadequacy. Hypothesis was that a three-dimensional Study Problem Model (SPM) could be constructed, consisting of Lack of relevance combining MED NORD lack of interest and SBI cynicism, Lack of energy including SBI exhaustion and Lack of efficacy combining MED NORD lack of regulation and SBI inadequacy. To further validate the model, its' relations to academic success were investigated. Method. The participants (n=1254) were higher education students from Helsinki area (mean age 23.78, 65.1 % female, 94.4 % first or second year students). The data were collected by questionnaire as a part of Mind the Gap research project, and achievement data (ECTS and GPA per year) for 1064 of the participants were gathered from the universities' archives. To find the latent structure of problems in studying and to cross- validate the results, EFA and CFA were used on two different randomly divided subsamples (for both, n=627), and based on these results the SPM was constructed. After this SEM was used on the whole data to look at the relationships between the SPM and academic achievement. Results and conclusions. The results suggested that a three-factor model would fit the data best, and the three dimensions of SPM emerged as follows: 1) Lack of relevance as hypothesized, 2) Lack of energy as hypothesized and 3) Lack of regulation consisting of MED NORD lack of regulation. The SBI inadequacy items were leaved out of the model as they didn't load coherently on any of the dimensions. SEM results showed, as hypothesized, both Lack of relevance and Lack of regulation to be related lower achievement, whereas lack of energy was related to higher achievement. The strongest association was between Lack of relevance and ECTS. Altogether, the relations of SPM were stronger for ECTS than GPA. SPM supports both frameworks' views on study disengagement/burnout, capturing the experiences of meaninglessness, exhaustion and lack of adequate studying skills. The different consequences of the SPM dimensions on achievement reflect their compositions: Lack of relevance being related the strongest to slower proceeding of studies, Lack of regulation being related the strongest to poor grades and Lack of energy being, rather interestingly, related to higher achievement. In future research, especially the last-mentioned should be looked at more precisely, as the association could be caused by for example reverse causality or the fact that lack of energy indicates commitment rather than disengagement. The results could be utilized for designing ways to promote efficient studying and student well-being.
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Cognitive performance in adulthood : the roles of stress-related exhaustion and depressive symptoms (2021)Objective: Both stress-related exhaustion and depression have previously been associated with a decline in cognitive performance, but there is a lack of evidence on whether these conditions have different associations with different cognitive domains and whether they have additive effects on cognitive performance. Furthermore, very little is known about the cognitive effects of chronic stress-related exhaustion. Consequently, the aims of this study were to 1) examine the associations between current stress-related exhaustion and cognitive performance, 2) investigate whether different developmental trajectories of stress-related exhaustion are differently associated with cognitive performance, 3) compare the association between stress-related exhaustion and cognitive performance to the relationship between depressive symptoms and cognitive performance, 4) examine if individuals with comorbid stress-related exhaustion and depression have lower cognitive performance than individuals with at most one of these conditions (i.e., whether clinical stress-related exhaustion and clinical depression might have additive effects on cognitive performance). Methods: The data used in the study was a Finnish population-based sample of six cohorts born between 1962 and 1977 from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. Stress-related exhaustion was assessed using the Maastricht Questionnaire, depressive symptoms with the Beck Depression Inventory, and cognitive performance with four subtests of the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery, measuring visuospatial associative learning, reaction time, sustained attention, and executive functions. Cognitive performance and depressive symptoms were assessed in 2012, and stress-related exhaustion in 2001, 2007, and 2012. Participants were 35 to 50 years old in 2012. Linear associations between stress-related exhaustion and cognitive performance (N = 905) and depressive symptoms and cognitive performance (N = 904) were examined by conducting multivariate regression analyses. Age, sex, socioeconomic status, and parents’ socioeconomic status were controlled in the regression models. Additionally, multivariate analyses of variance were performed to investigate the different developmental trajectories of stress-related exhaustion and their relation to cognitive performance (N = 541) and the associations of comorbid stress-related exhaustion and depression with cognitive performance (N = 1273). Results and conclusion: The main finding was that high stress-related exhaustion is associated with slower reaction times, but not with performance in spatial working memory, visuospatial associative learning, or executive functions. Ongoing, chronic stress-related exhaustion was more strongly associated with slower reaction times than short-term exhaustion experienced years ago. Compared to depressive symptoms, high stress-related exhaustion was associated with slower reaction times also when subclinical cases were included, whereas only clinical levels of depressive symptoms had an association with slower reaction times. There were no differences in cognitive performance between individuals with only stress-related exhaustion or depression and those with comorbid stress-related exhaustion and depression, which supports the notion that these conditions do not have additive effects on cognitive performance. These findings add to the existing evidence of the cognitive effects of stress-related exhaustion in the general population and have several practical implications. Further research is needed on the topic, preferably with longitudinal designs, more comprehensive cognitive measures, and clinical assessment of the psychiatric symptoms.
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(2021)Aims. Psychological determinants of work have become ever so relevant over the recent years. According to self-determination theory, the fulfillment of the basic psychological needs, i.e., the experiences of autonomy, relatedness, and competence, is paramount for occupational well-being and vigor. Regardless, psychological need satisfaction has but preliminary been studied from a person-centered perspective. This study aims to differentiate psychological need satisfaction subgroups from a working population, study potential membership predictors and examine the subgroup association with occupational well-being. Method. The participants of this study (n = 2 000) were from a sample of Finnish workers, collected as a part of a research project funded by the Finnish Work Environment Fund. Psychological need satisfaction scores were utilized in a bifactor form, formulated with confirmatory factor analysis. With them, psychological need satisfaction profiles were formed with latent profile analysis. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was utilized for studying group membership predictors, including job crafting, workload, and demographic factors. Finally, the subgroups were compared with analyses of variance for work engagement and burnout as determinants of occupational well-being. Results and conclusions. Five distinct psychological need satisfaction profiles could be differentiated from the sample. As in previous studies, the most prevalent profile group was the Globally satisfied profile group, which had superior well-being in terms of work engagement and burnout. The profile group signified by least well-being was the Globally dissatisfied yet competent profile group. Demographic factors, job crafting, and workload all predicted membership to subgroups. The global level of need satisfaction was most clearly associated with occupational well-being measures. The results support the idea that practitioners should pay attention to the balanced satisfaction of the basic psychological needs in work organizations.
Now showing items 1-3 of 3