Browsing by Subject "occlusal status"

Background: Masticatory ability depends on occlusal status and bite force. No method to diagnose the impairment of masticatory function (MF) in older adults exists. Objectives: We determined MF using five signs. In addition, we examined the relationship between MF and the need for daily assistance in older adults living in long-term care (LTC). Methods: A comprehensive clinical oral examination was conducted on 393 residents who lived in LTC in Helsinki, Finland. In addition, nurses collected background information on residents using a questionnaire and medical records. The status of MF was determined with five signs: mouth dryness, visible food residue on oral or denture surfaces, ability to keep the mouth open during the examination, clearness of speech, and diet of pureed or soft food. MF score points of 0-2 were given according to the level of impairment indicated by each sign and categorized as 0-3 no, 4-6 moderate, and 7-10 severe impairment. Participants were divided into three groups accordingly. Residents' need for daily assistance was assessed based on three activities: maintaining oral hygiene, movement, and eating. The level of cognition was also determined. Results: Of participants, 20.7% showed severe and 40.8% moderate impairment of MF. Impaired MF was associated with cognitive disease and increased need for assistance with daily activities. Conclusions: MF score based on the five symptoms can be used to determine impairment of MF. Impairment was common and associated with dementia and need for daily assistance in older adults living in LTC.