Browsing by Subject "type 1 diabetes"
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(2023)Aim To evaluate the associations between alcohol consumption and body fat distribution in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Methods DXA assessed the body composition of 548 adults with T1D from the Finnish Diabetic Nephropathy Study. Visceral fat mass (VFM) ≥ 0.7% of body weight for women and ≥ 1.1% for men defined central obesity (CO), whereas body fat mass (BFM) ≥ 40.4% for women and ≥ 31.8% for men defined general obesity (GO). Alcohol consumption data were collected via questionnaires. One standard dose = 12g of pure alcohol. Participants were classified as abstainers, low-risk, moderate-risk and high-risk alcohol consumers. We used linear and logistic regression models for analyses. Results The higher the alcohol consumption the higher the VFM% (r2=0.23, β=0.083, p=0.04) in both sexes. BFM% presented a similar pattern in men (r2=0.12, β=0.160, p=0.01), but not in women. One weekly dose increase of alcohol consumption increases the odds of CO by 3% (OR 1.03, p=0.037), but not GO. The odds of CO (OR 7.3, p=0.003) and GO (OR 5.3, p=0.007) increase with high-risk, but not with low- and moderate-risk consumptions. Conclusions In adults with T1D, alcohol consumption is linearly associated with VFM% regardless of sex, whereas the association with BFM% is sex-dependent. Keywords: type 1 diabetes, alcohol consumption, obesity, visceral fat.
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(2018)Målet med studien är att undersöka blodtryckets betydelse vid cerebral småkärlssjukdom hos typ 1-diabetiker. Sambandet har tidigare varit okänt, men i en studie av FinnDiane verkar högre systoliskt blodtryck vara av betydelse. Typ 1-diabetes är associerat med sjukdomar i hjärnans blodkärl, varav cerebral småkärlssjukdom är ett tillstånd där hjärnans små blodkärl skadas. Tecken på skada kan ses genom avbildning med magnetisk resonanstomografi (MRI). För denna studie undersöktes 73 individer med typ 1-diabetes ur FinnDiane-studien. De undersökta genomgick MRI av hjärnan och 24-timmars blodtrycksuppföljning. Systoliskt och diastoliskt blodtryck, medel arteriellt tryck och pulstryck under dygnets olika perioder registrerades och mätresultaten analyserades i relation till MRI-fynd. I denna studie hade systoliska och diastoliska blodtrycket nattetid samt medel arteriellt tryck nattetid ett signifikant samband med cerebral småkärlssjukdom. Hypertoni nattetid höjde oddsen för cerebral småkärlssjukdom fyrfalt. Av de undersökta hade 30 % maskerad hypertoni (normalt mottagningsblodtryck men förhöjt tryck i dygnsuppföljning) och förekomsten var högre bland individer med cerebral småkärlssjukdom. Slutsatsen är att cerebral småkärlssjukdom verkar ha ett samband med högt blodtryck nattetid samt med maskerad hypertoni hos individer med typ 1-diabetes.
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(2010)Syftet med studien var att undersöka sambanden mellan de diabetesassocierade autoantikropparna ICA, IAA, GADA, IA-2A och klinisk manifestation, HLA-genotyp, släktanamnes samt demografiska faktorer såsom ålder och kön hos finländska barn under 15 år med nydiagnostiserad typ 1 diabetes. Analyserna baserades på ett utdrag ur det finländska pediatriska diabetesregistret (2257 barn). Antikroppsfrekvenserna fastställdes utgående från halterna i serum. Alla barn HLA-genotypades och indelades i DR3- och DR4-positiva. Småbarnen (< 5 år) hade ofta 3-4 positiva antikroppar. Äldre barn hade färre autoantikroppar men en allvarligare metabolisk dekompensering vid diagnostillfället. Diabetisk ketoacidos var vanligare hos flickor. I gruppen med endast en positiv autoantikropp var IA-2A-barnen oftare acidotiska, i övrigt påverkade inte antikroppsprofilen den kliniska bilden. Högriskgenotypen DR4/non-DR3 var associerad med IA-2A, som verkar fungera som en markör för betacelldestruktion. Det omfattande patientmaterialet gav stöd åt tidigare rapporter om samband mellan autoantikroppar och ålder, kön samt genotyp. Den allvarligare metaboliska dekompenseringen hos äldre barn tyder på att de inte diagnostiseras lika snabbt som småbarn.
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(2019)Diabetes is a group of chronic metabolic disorders caused by the inability of the body to produce or utilize insulin efficiently. Globally, diabetes affects over 422 million people (WHO 2014) and one third of the patients suffer from diabetes-related complications, which cause a considerable economic burden on the healthcare. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most severe complications, since one in five patients develop end-stage renal disease, which requires dialysis or kidney transplantation for survival. In addition, diabetes is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), the most common cause of mortality among individuals with diabetes. Conventional clinical risk factors for both DKD and CVD have been established and include an altered lipoprotein profile, an abnormal glucose balance and hypertension. While the clinical risk factors are fairly well recognized, the genetic background of both DKD and CVD is rather unknown. The aim of this thesis was to study the effects of rare genetic variants altering lipids and other cardiometabolic risk factors and to determine their impact on diabetic complications. This study focused on loss of function and missense variants from whole exome- (N=500) and whole genome sequencing data (N=600) in type 1 diabetics from the Finnish Diabetic Nephropathy Study cohort. Single variant and gene-based association analysis were used to detect lipid-associated genetic variants and suggestive genes involved in lipid metabolism. Meta-analysis of whole exome- and whole genome single variants was performed to increase the sample size and detect additional lipid-associated variants. Three lipid-associated variants were genotyped in a cohort of 3000 patients to confirm the detected associations. Single variant association analysis detected a novel, previously unpublished, 21bp deletion located in the RBM47 gene, which was associated with lower apoC-III serum concentrations. To fully understand the impact of the 21bp deletion in RBM47 on apoC-III, further studies investigating the role of RBM47 in lipid metabolism are requested. Furthermore, single variant meta-analysis detected several lipid-associated variants. We showed that the rs451195 in PPIC was significantly associated with DKD. This study sheds light on the genetic background of diabetic dyslipidemia.
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(2019)Background: The traditional view of inevitable progression from early albuminuria to end-stage renal disease has recently been challenged in type 1 diabetes. However, the characteristics of regression of albuminuria are not widely understood. Particularly little is known about the clinical consequences of regression. Objective: To assess the rate of albuminuria regression, as well as its impact on cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality in type 1 diabetes. Methods: A total of 3,642 individuals from the FinnDiane Study were included. Albuminuria stage was categorized using consensus reference limits in two out of three consecutive measurements to normal range, microalbuminuria, and macroalbuminuria. Regression was defined as a change from a higher category of albuminuria pre-baseline to a lower current stage. Data on CVD and vitality status were retrieved from national registries. Individuals were followed over a median of 14.0 years (IQR 11.9–15.9). Results: Altogether 102 (23.3%) individuals with prior microalbuminuria and 111 (23.4%) with prior macroalbuminuria regressed. With those with normal albumin excretion as reference, the age-adjusted HRs (95% CI) for CVD were 1.42 (0.75-2.68) in individuals with regressed microalbuminuria, 2.62 (1.95-3.54) with sustained microalbuminuria, 3.15 (2.02-4.92) with regressed macroalbuminuria, and 5.49 (4.31-7.00) with sustained macroalbuminuria. Findings were similar for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Conclusions: Progression of diabetic nephropathy confers an increased risk of CVD and premature mortality. Notably, regression reduces the risk to the same level as for those who did not progress.
Now showing items 1-5 of 5