Browsing by Subject "jalanjälkilaskenta"

Spare time activities are important for balancing modern life, but they cause environmental damage. Activities, such as attending music festivals have a significant impact to an individual's lifestyle material footprint. Material footprint aims to identify general human pressure on nature, and it helps to understand the natural resource use. Producing a mass event, such as Flow Festival, requires large amount of material flows. As the demand for materials continues to increase, so does the environmental impacts from material use. To meet the environmental goals set by the Paris Agreement and to curb natural resource depletion, one solution is to decrease material consumption. This master’s thesis is executed with in co-operation with D-mat ltd and it presents the material footprint calculation of Flow Festival 2022. The thesis includes a literature review that examines the material footprint, the MIPS concept, and material flow accounting. The subsequent research part includes the collection of consumption data, the footprint calculation, and its results. Also, sustainable solutions were created to decrease the material footprint of the festival. The total material footprint of the festival was 7,780 tonnes which translates to 86 kg per visitor per day, which is more or less equivalent to the daily lifestyle material footprint of an average Finn. There were nine different categories to determine the material footprint, with the visitors category contributing the most at 73.4% of the total material footprint. Other significant categories were food and beverages, stage production, and properties. The study used 'usage by Flow' factors that were partly developed through feedback from relevant experts and partly based on assumptions. Changing these factors could have a significant impact on the study's results. The study found that the visitors category has a significant influence on the ecological impact of the festival, particularly in regard to their transportation choices. Festival organisers have limited control over visitors' travel choices, but they can effectively reduce other categories, such as by increasing plant-based food offerings at the festival. As the average Finn's material footprint is expected to be reduced to a quarter by 2050, music festivals have a responsibility to reduce their material footprint, and all possible efforts should be made to achieve this. In the future, the sustainable solutions could be utilised for other similar mass events.