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Browsing by Subject "grundskola"

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  • Westerlund, Sandra (2024)
    Denna avhandling handlar om hur svensklärare inom den grundläggande utbildningen uppfattar skillnaderna mellan lärokurserna A- och B1-svenska samt vad som är kännetecknande för lärokurserna. Avhandlingens syfte är att utreda vilka skillnader mellan lärokurserna A- och B1- svenska som kommer fram i lärarnas intervjusvar och analysera dessa skillnader. Svenskundervisning i Finland, definitioner av svenska som andraspråk och främmandespråk, läroplaner (GLGU 2014; GLP 2019) och varför lärare kan ses som språkutbildningspolitiska aktörer fungerar som utgångspunkter för avhandlingen. Materialet består av åtta intervjuer med svensklärare i finskspråkiga grundskolor (91 sidor totalt, transkriberat material) som samlats in i samband med ett aktuellt forskningsprojekt om modersmålsinriktad svenska i finska skolor. Jag använder olika kategorier i analysen och jag har skapat dessa kategorier genom en induktiv analysprocess som presenteras i Mayring (2014). De tre övergripande kategorier som används i analysen är följande: ”Helhetsbild av A- och B1-lärokurserna”, ”Språkkunskaper i elevgruppen” och ”Undervisningspraxis”. Analysen visar att elever och föräldrar generellt har en bättre inställning till svenskämnet och språkkunskaperna är bättre i A-svenskan jämfört med B1-svenskan, och elever som studerar A-svenska får också mer undervisning i A-svenskan eftersom antalet undervisningstimmar är högre. Oberoende av lärokursen rapporterar lärarna att eleverna har negativa attityder till svenskämnet, men de mer positiva aspekterna av att undervisa svenska verkar förekomma tydligare i A-svenskans intervjusvar. En lärare anser att det är lätt att hitta undervisningsmaterial i B1-svenskan medan en lärare som undervisar A-svenska tycker att det är utmanande, och enligt en lärare är det utmanande att få elever att lära sig ordförrådet i B1-svenskan. Det är inte möjligt att hitta skillnader mellan lärokurserna när det gäller tal- och skrivförmåga eftersom vissa lärare, oberoende av vilka lärokurser de undervisar, nämner skrivförmågan och vissa talförmågan som en starkare delfärdighet. Frågan om undervisningsmaterialet uppvisar inte heller skillnader mellan lärokurserna eftersom användning av läroboken är centralt i undervisningen men annat material används också på båda lärokurserna. Vad ”annat material” betyder beror på läraren. Kunskapsskillnaderna är också relativt stora inom båda lärokurserna enligt lärarna, men detta beskriver inte nödvändigtvis faktiska kunskapsskillnader mellan lärokurserna. När det gäller grammatikundervisningen anser lärare som undervisar A-svenska att grammatiken inte behöver betonas i undervisningen, medan lärare i B1-svenska verkar tänka nästan tvärtom. En lärare säger till och med att det är grammatikundervisningen som skiljer de två lärokurserna från varandra eftersom grammatiken inte behöver betonas på samma sätt i A-svenskan som i B1-svenskan.
  • Kotka, Emma (2023)
    According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the Covid-19 pandemic has had a serious psychological impact on individuals. This also applies to teachers. Previous studies have also shown that 57% of teachers are considering changing their professions, which is partly because their well-being has been deteriorating. Positive psychology, in turn, has received more attention when it comes to students' well-being. The aim of this study is to investigate what role positive psychology can play in the promotion of teachers' well-being, with a specific focus on the well-being after the COVID-19 pandemic. Six (6) teachers in basic education in Finland participated in the study. They were interviewed through semi-structured interviews. The interviews were taped, transcribed and analyzed through a hermeneutic analysis method. The results showed that all teachers were affected by the Covid-19 pandemic and distance learning, although not all of them thought so themselves. What affected the teachers the most was the lack of social interaction and loneliness that the pandemic brought. The results also showed that the teachers in this study had good practices when it came to promoting their own well-being. These methods can be classified as methods belonging to positive psychology. Although teachers did not have good knowledge of what the concept of positive psychology means, these methods were used unconsciously.
  • Laaksonen, Julia (2022)
    International policy documents (FN (UN), 1989; WHO & BZgA, 2010, 2013; WAS, 2014; UNESCO, 2018) recommend that children should receive age-appropriate sexuality education, but it is unclear whether this is fulfilled in practice. There is relatively little research on sexuality education for younger students. Therefore, it is relevant to research how sexuality education for younger students is delivered. The purpose of this study is to describe how sexuality education is delivered in grades 1-2 in Finland and to examine teachers’ attitudes towards sexuality education for younger students. In this study I would like to draw attention to the potential of the Finnish curriculum when it comes to sexuality education. Five teachers, who at the time of the study taught grades 1-2 in Finnish primary schools, participated in this study. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews that were recorded, transcribed, and analysed with thematic analysis. The results found that teachers had difficulties defining sexuality education. Teachers taught sexuality education across subjects, spontaneously and sometimes also unconsciously. Teachers need help defining what sexuality education is and what themes are to be addressed. Sexuality education should be made an evident part of the subject environmental studies in the Finnish curriculum. This can hopefully encourage teachers to teach sexuality education. The sexuality education was not really planned, evaluated, or developed in any of the schools. This is a serious issue that needs to be addressed. Local plans for sexuality education should be written. The teachers had generally positive attitudes towards sexuality education for younger students, but in some situations sexuality education could be perceived as a difficult subject. Several of the teachers showed interest in promoting diversity and equal treatment in their teaching. This study failed in providing any deeper insight into how teachers work with norms in sexuality education.
  • Antell, Janice (2020)
    Pro-gradu avhandlingen undersöker åtta lärares syn på litteraturundervisningen i grundskolans nionde klass, samt hur lärarna kan med olika metoder motivera eleverna till läsning. Avhandlingens forskningsfrågor är: 1. Hur använder lärarna skönlitteratur i praktiken i klassrummet och till vilket syfte? 2. Hur kan lärarna i sin undervisning uppmuntra elever till fortsatt, möjligen livslång läsning? Undersökningens material består av åtta intervjuer med lärare i kommunerna Helsingfors, Vanda, Sibbo och Kuusamo. Lärarna i Kuusamo har intervjuats på finska. Undersökningens tre huvudteman presenterar (1) vilka verk som används i undervisningen och varför, (2) vilka uppgifter görs i samband med den lästa litteraturen, och (3) med vilka metoder motiverar lärarna eleverna till läsning. Resultaten visar att litteraturvalen präglas av den litteratur som finns till hands. Skolorna i Kuusamo har ett knappare utbud av litteratur än skolorna i huvudstadsregionen och variationen är mer begränsad i skolorna i norr. De uppgifter som görs i samband med litteraturen är varierande, som är i enlighet med läroplanen och bidrar mestadels till förståelse för texten. Undervisningen innehaver bland annat tolkning av litteraturen, muntliga uppgifter men även kreativa uppgifter. Vissa lärare högläser eller tar hjälp av ljudböcker. Alla lärare menar att rätt sorts litteratur bidrar till motivationen. Lärarna menar även att handledningen bidrar till motivationen. Vissa lärare efterlyser läsande förebilder som även kunde motivera eleverna. Undersökningen kommer fram till att variation i litteraturen och i uppgifterna samt den handledning lärarna erbjuder är det som allra mest bidrar till motivationen.
  • Granholm, Eva (2021)
    Young carers have a responsibility to a close relative who, due to physical or mental reasons, has a reduced functional capacity. The responsibility is often kept within the family and affects the well-being of the young people in both a negative and positive sense. Difficulties with building friendships, lack of opportunity to participate in hobbies and reduced social capital are some of the challenges young carers face. Increased responsibility can also develop resilience and self efficacy. Young people spend a significant share of their time in schools. This makes schools a key player in the work of identifying young carers and supporting them in their everyday school life, as they have an increased risk of becoming marginalized. The objective of this study is to highlight these young people and make their voices heard. Furthermore, the aim is to find out how the care responsibility affects young carers’ and former young carers’ everyday school life and what kind of support they would need from the school. A qualitative, phenomenographic method was used for the study, which was conducted with semi-structured interviews. The informants were seven young carers and former young carers. The interviews were analyzed through a thematic analysis. The results show that the young carers experienced challenges in balancing the care responsibility and their own lives. Friends were considered important, but for the majority, social relationships were at times challenging. The young people appreciated the security and routine that school provided in their everyday life. They wanted more regular opportunities to discuss their burdens with student care and to be noticed by the school staff, especially by their own teacher. Tools for teachers are required to help them better engage with this group in a respectful way. Young carers must feel secure in sharing their stories with school staff. This requires the stigma, especially around mental health problems to be reduced. The young carers’ future study ambitions were limited by the care responsibility, which indicates that these young people also need attention in secondary education.
  • Voutilainen, Vincent (2023)
    The aim of this study was to examine elementary school teachers’ opinions on education in religion and ethics. How teachers perceive the education in religion and ethics today and how they perceive the thought of a common subject for all religions and ethics. Earlier studies shows that Finland is going more and more towards a multicultural society (Odiah, 2007; Mäkelä et al. 2017). Researchers have found out that the education in religion is not equal and that it is categorizing people into different groups (Salmenkivi & Åhs, 2022). In this master’s thesis I’m going to examine the teachers specific perceives and opinions about the education of religion and ethics today and how they perceive the education in the future. This master’s thesis is a qualitative study with a phenomena graphic approach. Six elementary school teachers from Uusimaa are the study’s informants. The material was collected by conducting semi-structured interviews with the class teachers. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis. The results of the study showed that there are mainly two different perceptions about the teaching of religion and ethics today. These perceives correlates with how the elementary school teachers perceive the idea of ​​a common subject for all religions and ethics. Five out of six teachers felt that the current model should be changed and perceived a common subject positively, while one out of six teachers was satisfied with the current model and did not consider a need for a common subject. The study resulted in the following themes being highlighted: equality, practical arrangements, overlapping teaching, fear of marginalized religious teaching and community, understanding and world view. These themes were perceived by the majority of teachers as problematic in the current model and as themes that could be improved through a common teaching subject for all viewpoints.