Browsing by Subject "unen laatu"
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(2010)This thesis examines the associations between personality traits and sleep quantity and quality in young adults. Additionally the possible effects of birth status on these associations are examined. The data used in this thesis is part of a birth cohort study (Helsinki Study of Very Low Birth Weight Adults). The personality traits are based on the five-factor model of personality. The sleep quantity and quality are based on actigraphy assessments. Four hypothesis were made about the personality and sleep associations: (1) neuroticism is related to a lesser quality of sleep, (2) there will be more significant associations between personality traits and sleep quality than between personality traits and sleep quantity, (3) the Very Low Birth Weight (VLBW) as well as, (4) the Small for Gestational Age (SGA) status will affect the associations. Linear regressions were used to study the associations between personality traits and sleep quality and quantity. Whenever an association was significant, it was tested whether this association was moderated first, by the VLBW and second, by the SGA status of the participant. The results were mostly in line with previous research especially demonstrating the negative association between neuroticism and the quality of sleep and suggesting that vulnerability to stress decreases sleep quality. Also it was found that agreeableness and conscientiousness were associated with better sleep quality and extraversion was associated with lower sleep quantity. In addition SGA status moderated the personality and sleep associations. It is proposed that there are two factors behind the interaction. First, prenatally developing mechanisms have an effect on the development of sleep as well as personality. Second, differences in the postnatal environment, for instance the parenting practices, can account for this finding. Future research could focus especially on what kind of prenatal disturbances SGA infants have in the development of mechanisms related to sleep and personality. Also focusing on the differences in parental interaction might shed more light on the results.
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(2022)Aims of the study. It is well known that many adolescents do not get enough sleep. However, there is little research about the possible connection between adolescent sleep and family functioning. In addition, these studies vary greatly in, e.g., methodology and ages of the participants and only a few studies have used actigraphy. The aim of the present study is to examine the associations between family functioning and adolescent sleep, more specifically sleep duration, sleep quality and sleep timing. Methods. The present study was a part of SleepHelsinki!, a population-based research project based in the University of Helsinki. Sleep and family functioning of 308 adolescents (70.5% females), aged 15–18, were measured. Both subjective (PSQI) and objective (actigraphy) measures of sleep were used. Linear and logistic regressions were used to statistically analyze the associations between family functioning and sleep timing and subjective sleep quality. Results and conclusions. The association between family functioning and sleep duration was non-significant. When sex was adjusted for, the association between family functioning and sleep timing remained non- significant. However, the association between subjective sleep quality and general family functioning was statistically significant. Furthermore, problematic family functioning was related to a higher risk of poor sleep quality. Male sex was related to a higher risk of having a challenging circadian rhythm. Based on the results of the present study, family functioning is connected to subjective sleep quality and more problematic family functioning is a risk factor for lower quality sleep in adolescents.
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(2019)The aim of this study was to investigate how 6th graders’ self-rated health, physical activity and sleep disruptions are related to schoolwork engagement. In more detail it was examined what kind of groups 6th graders can be divided into according to self-rated health, physical activity and sleep disruptions. Furthermore, it was studied if these groups are differently related to sex, sleep duration, the quality of sleep and schoolwork engagement. The aim is to gain better understanding about the factors which might have a strengthening effect on the adolescents' schoolwork engagement. The data was collected by the Mind the Gap –project in Helsinki in the spring 2013. The 6th graders (N = 761) from 33 different schools answered a questionnaire. The variables that were used for this study measured adolescents’ self-reported schoolwork engagement, health, physical activity, sleep disruptions, the quality of sleep and sleep duration. K-means cluster analysis was used to sort ado-lescents to groups by the variables of self-rated health, physical activity and sleep disruptions. When interpreting the contents of groups, an analysis of variance was used. The differences of these formed groups with sex, sleep duration, the quality of sleep and schoolwork engagement were ex-amined with the cross tabulation, analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis test. The 6th graders were divided into four groups regarding experienced health, physical activity and sleep disruptions. These groups were named healthy movers, movers with sleep and health prob-lems, non-movers with sleep problems and non-movers with health problems. In the group of healthy movers adolescents was slept longer and had more schoolwork engagement than in the other groups. In the groups of healthy movers and non-movers with health problems had better qual-ity of sleep than in two groups in which sleep disruptions were experienced. The self-rated health, the physical activity and the paucity of sleep difficulties together were connected to sufficient sleep duration and schoolwork engagement.
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(2017)Aims. Sleep duration and sleep quality greatly affect our physical and mental health. Negative impact of depression on sleep duration and quality is well established. Studies on the relation between objectively measured sleep duration and self-reported sleep quality are fewer in number, at least with larger sample sizes. It is still unclear whether or not depression moderates the association between sleep duration and sleep quality. The aim of this study was to examine how actigraphically measured sleep duration is related to sleep quality and whether depression moderates the association between them. Also of great interest was how age and gender affect these sleep parameters. Methods. This study was based on data from Biomarker-Project (n=1255) which is a part of MIDUS-II-study (Midlife in the Unites States). Some participants (n=489) from Biomarker-study were also recruited to take part in a sleep study where sleep duration was measured at participant's home environment for seven consecutive days using an actigraphy device. Participants also completed daily sleep diaries of their sleep quality (range 1-5) for that time period. Participants in the sleep study were on average 55 years old (range 32-83 years) and 39 % of them male. Depression was assessed using CES-D-scale (Center for Epidemiological Studies–Depression). Data was analysed using mixed-linear model where repeated measures, days (7) are nested within subjects. Results and Conclusions. The main results of this study were that those suffering from depression had significantly shorter sleep duration and decreased quality of sleep. Longer sleep duration was associated with better sleep quality regardless of depression. Based on previous research, poor sleep quality is associated with increased levels of stress and daytime fatigue and decreased health status and quality of life. Short sleep duration is linked to depression but it is also associated with chronic health problems such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. These results indicate that interventions directed at lengthening sleep duration are important in improving health and also enhance sleep quality regardless of depression. Sleep problems precede and predict the onset of depression, so early and adequate treatment of sleep problems could be seen as a major preventive strategy in mental health care.
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