Browsing by discipline "Home economics"

Aikaisempaa tutkimusta asumisen ekologisuudesta ja ergonomisuudesta on olemassa, mutta minitaloasumisen näkökulmasta vastaavia aikaisempia tutkimuksia on hyvin vähän. Tämän tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli selvittää, millä tavoin ekologisuus ja ergonomisuus näyttäytyvät minitaloasumisessa asukkaiden kertomina. Aikaisempien tutkimusten mukaan asumisen ekologisuus näyttäytyy erityisesti asuinpinta-alan, lämmitysratkaisujen, rakennusmateriaalien ja energiatehokuuden kautta. Asumisen ergonomisuuteen puolestaan vaikuttavat etenkin asukkaiden mittojen, toimintatapojen ja kykyjen hyödyntäminen asumisympäristön suunnittelussa asukkaiden tarpeiden mukaisesti. Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on selvittää, miten ekologisuus ja ergonomisuus näyttäytyvät minitaloasumisessa. Lisäksi tutkimuksessa tarkastellaan asumisessa tapahtuneita muutoksia Suomessa, sekä pientaloliikettä ja siihen kuuluvia minitaloja. Tutkimus toteutettiin laadullisena tutkimuksena, jonka aineisto kerättiin internetissä kyselylomakkeella. Kyselyn linkki jaettiin suljetulla Tiny House Suomi -keskustelualustalla. Kyselyllä kerättiin tietoja yhteensä kahdeksalta minitaloasukkaalta. Kerätty aineisto analysoitiin sekä teoriaohjautuvalla että aineistolähtöisellä teemoittelulla. Tutkimuksen perusteella erityisesti ekologisuus näyttäytyi minitaloasumisessa melko hyvänä. Ekologisuus oli otettu huomioon erityisesti energiankulutuksessa, johon liittyivät esimerkiksi lämmityksen sähkönkulutus ja kodinkoneiden käyttö, lämmitysratkaisut sekä rakennusmateriaalien valinta. Minitalojen lämmöneristyksen vaihtelevuus ja puutteet näkyivät lisääntyneenä energiankulutuksena. Minitalojen ekologisuuteen verrattuna ergonomisuudessa oli paljon enemmän vaihtelua. Minitalojen ergonomisuus vaihteli muun muassa sen mukaan, miten asukkaiden mittasuhteet oli otettu huomioon työtasojen ja kodinkoneiden, kuten esimerkiksi uunin, sijoituksessa. Lisäksi vapaan tilan ja liikkumisen sujuvuus niin leveys- kuin korkeussuunnassa sekä useimmiten käytössä olevien tavaroiden saatavuus vaikuttivat asumismuodon ergonomisuuteen huomattavasti. Minitaloasumisen ergonomisuuteen näytti vaikuttavan myös ilmanvaihto. Tutkimus antoi viitteitä siitä, että minitalon iällä on yhteys asumisen ekologisuuteen ja ergonomisuuteen. Jotta minitalot olisivat ekologisempia ja ergonomisempia myös tulevaisuudessa, tulisi kyselyn mukaan kiinnittää erityistä huomiota minitalojen lämmöneristykseen sekä asukkaiden mittasuhteisiin.

Aims. Sustainable development has been one of the most discussed topics over the past decades. Changes towards sustainable way of life are demanded increasingly more as the state of environment deteriorates. Sustainable development has also received a central status in curricula and in contents of subjects as home economics. Textbooks are still often important tools in studying. The aim of this study is to find out what kind of discourses are used in textbooks of home economics in speech considering sustainable development and are there features of educationally acceptable teaching or indoctrination in these discourses. Research questions are: 1) What kind of discourses are used in textbooks of home economics in speech considering sustainable development? 2) What kind of features of educationally acceptable teaching or indoctrination can be recognized in these discourses? The study also participates in discussion of importance of critical thinking and reading and how exercise of power and influencing are present in Finnish textbooks. Methods. This study was carried out analyzing two textbooks of home economics aimed to 7–9-grades in primary school. The study material was analyzed using critical discourse analysis. Results and conclusions. Ten discourses used in textbooks were found: neutral passive, appealing to knowledge/argument, adjectives describing consumer's attitude, evaluating some products as better, appealing to personal and common responsibility, orders, requests, appeals and advices, questions considering consuming, benefits of making sustainable choices, defining sustainable development and goals considering sustainable development in home economics and appealing to feelings. Eight out of ten of discourses contained features of educationally acceptable teaching and seven out of ten features of indoctrination. In most discourses both features were mixed. It seems that there is indoctrination in texts of textbooks to some extent. On the other hand what is interpreted in this study as indoctrination can in other research frames be interpreted for example as using rhetorical methods or other kind of influencing. Thus it's important to carefully ponder if it's possible to claim that it is just indoctrination that is present. Exercise of power and influencing seem to be present in textbooks, despite which concepts considering influencing are used. As conclusion teacher must acknowledge and bring out attempted influencing in textbooks, broaden attitudinal views of books, present reasoning for arguments in books and help pupils develop their critical thinking. Then again can be stated that sustainable development is a political and ethical subject and universally accepted principle. Can sustainable development in general be taught in completely neutral way or be detached from ideologies behind it?

The aim of this study is to determine the basis on which the family's mother chooses the laundry detergent and what products the mother feels she needs in her daily laundry at home Theory deals with domestic laundry laundry detergents, as well as the factors influencing consumer behavior. In addition, it deals with earlier research based on factors affecting the choice of detergent. The study included eight mothers of different families Semi-structured interviews were carried out in K-citymarket Ruoholahti (Helsinki) detergent department in September-October 2016. The interviewees were given a task to choose all necessary products for their laundry from the supermarket's range. All choices had to be justified during the interview and some specific questions were asked. Interviews were recorded and transcripted. Interviewees chose total 41 products of which 21 were laundry detergents. According to this study mothers choose detergents by its liquid state, scent and sensitivity. Also product's domesticality and being free from zeolites were factors that influence the choice of detergent. Based on this study mothers needed at least two different detergents and one stain removal product in their laundry Half of the examinees needed fabric softener to use with some textiles.

The public health situation in Finland is better than ever but a growing number of the population doesn't have a grasp on their lifestyle and eating habits. Because of this, the extremities in public health are growing stronger. The point of this literary overview is to gather information about what kind of differences there are in nutrition between the finnish people in different socio-economic groups. In addition, this overview's pivotal meaning is to study the impact of home economics as a equalising subject between diverse socio-economic groups. This overview is also meant to show what kind of connections does group-eating have with differing socio-economical groups. As the overview progresses topics like the goverments political actions on equal rights and better nutrition will be examined also. The first draft of this overview was started in the autumn of 2017. My literary overview adapts descriptive and integral features so that the subject can be approached as extensively and critically as possible. Making a literary overview that is descriptive and integral made it possible for me to condense the sources used in the research and make it a part of my own research. the literature overview proceeds through the theoretical part to the layout of the research problem and the acquisition of the material. this is followed by analysis and interpretation of the material. Finally, I present the results of the study and evaluate the reliability of the results. The health and nutritional disparities between socio-economic groups were seen as a worrying phenomenon in all sources used. Finns nutrition has been regularly studied and the goverment has taken regular measures to promote good nutrition to Finns. In spite of these measures, recent research findings indicate that there are differences in nutrition between population groups. The biggest difference is in the use of fruits and vegetables, which are used by the highly educated more than the less educated Finns. Less educated Finns use more dietary fats, vegetable fats and butter in relation to energy intake. Also the use of red meat and meat products is higher among the less educated than the more highly educated. Group meals were widely seen in research as promoting good nutrition and equalizing. School meals for many years have evened out differences between socio-economic groups in terms of diet quality and improved the nutritional quality of young people. Staff and those who eat lunch at student restaurants also have a healthier diet than the rest of the population. However, the problem with mass catering is that, despite their prevalence, not all people of working age have the opportunity or desire to take advantage of them. The most important task of home economics education can be considered to be the teaching of skills required for everyday home management and a sustainable lifestyle that enhances well-being. Practical action and knowledge management skills learned from elementary school housekeeping classes contribute to a more systematic and balanced diet and thus serve as a socio-economic equalizing subject.

The purpose of this research is to explain what are the eating habits of celebrities and what kind of image they convey to reader. This research tries to find out what kind of picture of dietary habits is being transmitted to the readers, as information disseminated in the media has an impact on consumer behaviour, including nutrition. The research material used nine celebrities interviews from magazine. The interviewees were women, aged 21–36-years old. The interviews were published in 2015. The study was conducted by qualitative research methods. The data were analyzed with the principles of content analysis and theming model. According to the results, public figures emphasized, in their eating habits, the diet, healthiness, versatility and regularity of eating. Based on the results of the research, the interplay of the interviews on the eating habits of public figures is healthy and balanced and the eating habits are understood as a whole. Also the results highlighted that the most important thing is to eat in the right way and not to stress about the Meals. Without an accurate diet and energy supply and energy consumption, you can still eat healthy and feel good.

Objectives. The aim of this research was to investigate what changes in types of recipes have happened in consumer targeted food magazines during the past 20 years and how these changes reflect changes in food culture. In addition the results were purposed to be compared with previous features of food culture. Previous researches give extensively knowledge about changes in Finnish food culture. Previous researches have also predicted what kind of food culture will be in the 2000s. This research examines what kinds of changes have happened in recipes of Finland’s co-operative store’s Yhteishyvä magazine during the past 20 years. Subjects of examination are raw materials, cooking methods and dishes of main courses. Results of research are compared with previous features of Finnish food culture. Methods. Yhteishyvä-magazines were the materials in this research. They have been published since 1997. Examinees were total of 20 pieces, one for each year of publication. All of them were published in February. Materials were analysed using content analysis method. Findings from materials were classified by dishes, main raw materials and cooking methods. Results and conclusions. Most of the dishes occurred throughout the period under review. Dishes that did not occur in food recipes throughout the period under review were mostly found in the beginning of 2000s. Between years 2001 and 2009 popular temptations, casseroles and lasagnas changed to meat loaves, meatballs and fried dishes in latter part of period under review. Minced meat, chicken meat and quickly cooked pork were the most popular raw materials. Cooking methods varied from stewing and boiling to cooking in oven, but frying became more common in latter part of period under review. Dishes in food recipes did not change a lot compared to previous decades. Despite the minor changes food recipes contain a lot of features which are already familiar in Finnish food culture.

Tiivistelmä - Referat - Abstract Tavoitteet. Tämän kandidaatin tutkielman tavoitteena oli tutkia 26–28-vuotiaiden pääkaupunkilaisten naisten välipalatottumuksia, ruoanvalintaa ja sitä, näkyykö välipalaistumisen ilmiö heidän ruokatottumuksissaan. Tutkimuskysymykseni olivat: Minkälaisia välipaloja syödään, missä tilanteissa ja korvataanko pääruokia välipaloilla? Välipalaistumisen ilmiö on noussut lähivuosina esille niin Suomessa kuin maailmalla, mutta ilmiöön vaikuttavia syitä tai sitä edistäviä tekijöitä ei ole vielä tutkittu. Välipalaistumiseen liittyy vahvasti napostelun käsite, jolla tarkoitetaan spontaania, strukturoimatonta ja mielitekojen ohjaamaa syömistä tai juomista, joka ei ole sidoksissa aikaan tai paikkaan. Napostelulla voi olla useita terveydelle haitallisia seurauksia, kuten hampaiden reikiintyminen ja painonhallinnan ongelmat. Aterioinnin välipalaistuminen koetaan huolestuttavana ja perinteisiä ruoan ja ruokailun arvoja uhkaavana. Menetelmät. Tutkimus toteutettiin laadullisena tutkimuksena. Tutkimusaineisto kerättiin haastattelemalla 26-28-vuotiaita pääkaupunkiseutulaisia naisia (n=5). Tutkittavilla oli toisistaan eroavat taustat, mutta yhteisinä tekijöinä ikä ja asuinseutu. Haastateltavat valittiin harkinnanvaraisesti. Haastattelut suoritettiin teemahaastatteluina ja aineisto analysoitiin sisällönanalyysin keinoin. Tulokset ja johtopäätökset. Tyypillisimmät välipalat koostuivat hedelmistä, rahkasta tai jogurtista ja leivästä. Välipaloja syötiin useissa paikoissa. Tyypillisesti välipalat nautittiin kotona tai kodin ulkopuolella, esimerkiksi liikkuessa paikasta toiseen, kirjastossa tai kauppakeskuksessa. Välipaloja syötiin, jos energiatasoja ja jaksamista haluttiin ylläpitää pääruokaan asti, urheiltiin paljon tai jos päivän kesto pitkitti ateriarytmiä. Tutkimustuloksista selviää, että pääruokia korvattiin välipaloilla hyvin harvoin, jos koskaan. Välipaloja syötiin kerran tai korkeintaan kaksi päivässä. Välipalaistumisen tai napostelun ilmiö ei näy tutkimuksen aineistossa ja siitä saaduissa tuloksissa.

Aims. The purpose of this study was to get a small picture of elderly people who use social media to search information about food and nutrition. Framing of the research question was shaped from the desire to investigate present-day elderly as users of social media. The purpose was to get a picture of how elderly experiences social media as a source of food and nutritional information. The previous studies have shown that social media can have an impact on the food choices that people make. Methods. This is a qualitative study. The sample of this study consisted of five discretionary selected elderly that live in the capital region. Besides the same age range all members of the research group had learned to use social media after they had retired on a pension. Individual interviews were the data collection method of this study. The interviews were recorded and transcribed. In this study data-driven content analysis was used as a method of analysis. Results and conclusions. The research showed that social media can offer peer support and motivation considering food and nutritional information. The elderly takes advantage of social media in their everyday life when they are searching information about food and nutrition.

The influence of social media onto generation Y consumers purchase decision has been examined largely during the past few decades, but the researches haven’t been able to consider all variables. There is one variable that could affect the test results relevantly and that is the gender of the consumer. The aim of this thesis is to create a general view about the gender differences in consumer behavior and examine how social media influences purchase intentions among generation Y consumers. Based on these findings I make conclusions on how social media confirms the purchase decisions of both male and female among generation Y consumers. I searched the answers for my research questions by familiarizing myself with the newest studies and other literature about the topic. The material I chose was all up to ten years old, because more than ten years old studies could define social media in a different way than we do now. In this thesis I familiarize myself with two themes. I start by familiarizing myself on gender differences on consumer behavior. After that I read up on how social media confirms the purchase decisions among generation Y consumers. Because the role of social media as a purchase decision confirmer hasn’t been examined among generation Y’s genders, I aim at creating conclusions of it. The literary review indicated that the gender of the consumer affects their consumer behavior. The researches show that women compare products in several aspects more often than men. Instead, men are shown to make more impulsive purchases than female. This review shows that the consumers of generation Y are the most critical group out of all the remaining generations. Despite their critical stance the social media is able to confirm their purchase decisions both directly and indirectly. Especially the female consumers of generation Y are exposed to the impact of social media, because they use social media more than the men in their generation. Based on these facts it’s possible to conclude that social media confirms purchase decisions in a different way among generation Y consumers. The female consumers among generation Y can be assumed to exploit social media mainly for comparing products. The social media influence can be assumed to be more significant to female than male, since male use social media a little less than female. Instead, the targeted marketing in social media can work better for male than for female, because male make more impulsive decisions than females when it comes to purchase making.

Tiivistelmä - Referat - Abstract Aims. The purpose of this Bachelor's Thesis was to find out the connection between the socio-economic status and getting on at home. The thesis is related to a home-based questionnaire survey conducted by Helsingin Sanomat in fall 2016. The thesis deals with getting on at home as part of household wellbeing. Domestic life can be considered a major factor influencing the physical and psychological well-being. The thesis examines how Finnish people getting on at home, both at the general level and among the various socio-economic groups. The socio-economic groups to be surveyed in this study were students, pensioners, unemployed, farmers, employees, lower officers, senior officers, entrepreneurs and other persons. Methods. The study was carried out as a quantitative study. The data consisted of numerical responses (N = 13,307) and respondents' socioeconomic status (N = 13,125) in the questionnaire conducted by Helsingin Sanomat in autumn 2016. People participate in the research through the Helsingin Sanomat website, so the material is not a statistically representative sample of Finns. The material is treated as a large sample. The study material was analyzed using by the IBM SPSS Statistics 24 software. The study material was analyzed using by descriptive analytical methods and the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results and Conclusions. According to the results, people who responded to the Helsingin Sanomat questioned got on at home very well. The socioeconomic position was related got on at home in such a way that people who have a high socio-economic status got on at home better than people in lower social groups. Unemployed persons and the students got on at home all the worst. According to the statistical tests, the results were statistically significant. According to research results, home is a significant place for Finns. As other well-being studies, getting on at home is linked to socio-economic status so that a high socio-economic status seems to predict better home comfort and well-being than a low socio-economic status. Based on results, we should pay attention to the inequalities of socio-economic groups in all aspects of life as well as supporting the comprehensive well-being of students and the unemployed persons.