Browsing by Subject "käytöshäiriöt"
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(2018)Objectives. Multisystemic therapy (MST) is one of the most studied interventions for adolescent conduct disorder and new results of the efficacy of it is published every year. Earlier reviews have come up to some extent with inconsistent results of the efficacy of MST. The objectives of this thesis were to view the most recent findings of treating adolescent conduct disorders with MST, to evaluate the reliability of this information and especially view those factors that make MST an efficient intervention. Methods. Background information, latest reviews, meta-analyses and randomised controlled trials were searched from Pubmed and Helka databases. Three of the most recent reviews or meta-analyses and six randomised controlled trials which were published after the latest review were included. Results and conclusions. The results of the efficacy of MST were mostly positive, but partly inconsistent. There was some variation in the quality of research methods and the accuracy of reporting the results which influenced the results of this review. The most efficient factors in MST were directing the treatment towards parenting skills as well as the multi-sidedness, flexibility and continuous follow- up of the efficacy of the treatment. If the treatment as usual is of good quality, MST may not bring any added value. All in all, MST is a useful intervention especially if there is not suitable clinical pathway for adolescent conduct disorder already.
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(2021)Aims Callous-unemotional traits describe emotional deviations that can be indentified early in childhood. These traits have been linked to particularly severe conduct disorders and later antisocial behavior. The callous- unemotional traits in children have become current topic after the release of DSM-5 in 2013, in which callous-unemotionl subtype of children and adolescents with conduct disoder was added. The aim of this review is to focus on the callous-unemotional subtype of conduct disorder and examine how the callous- unemotional subtybe predicts later antisocial behavior. Methods Systematic literature search was carried out in PubMed -database in March 2021 by using combination of keywords ”callous-unemotional trait”, ”callous unemotional trait”, ”limited prosocial emotion”, ”conduct disorder”, ”conduct problem”, ”antisocial behavior”, ”antisocial disorder”, ”antisocial personality disorder”, “pathway”, ”predictor” and ”risk factor”. Literature was limited by only counting in studies that had been published in 2010 or later. With this systematic literature search 322 sources were found. Suitability of the found sources was evaluated by reading the titles and abstracts. In addition, sources of the chosen studies were manually examined and some of the literarure was chosen from there. The final literature for his review consisted of 8 studies that examined the callous-unemotional subtype of conduct disorders. Results and conclusions According to the results callous-unemotional subtype consistent with the DSM-5 was found in children and adolescent with conduct disorders. The callous-unemotional subtype differed from other children with conduct disorder in terms of symptoms, comorbidity and severity of the disorder. In addition the callous- unemotional subtype predicted several outcomes of delinquency later in adolescence and early adulthood. Partly conflicting results were found regarding if callous-unemotional traits predict later symptoms or diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder. Because of the partly conflincting results very strong conclusions can not be made, but the results suggest that the callous-unemotional subtype can be useful in prediction of later antisocial behavior especially outcomes related to deliquency.
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