Browsing by Subject "pitkäkestoinen muisti"

Abstract: Aim: Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) remains a debated mental health disorder, though it is recognized in diagnostic manuals such as DSM-V and ICD-10. A notable aspect of DID is inter-identity amnesia, often reported by patients but inconsistently observed in experimental settings. This study aims to review experimental research on long-term memory dysfunction in DID. The first aim is to review if inter-identity occurs objectively or if it is only subjective and does that vary across different memory parts. The second aim is to review if there are other characteristic impairments in long-term memory in DID. Methods: The systematic literature search was conducted in OvidMedline using keywords “experimental”, “DID”, “dissociative identity disorder”, “inter-identity amnesia”, and “long-term memory” and their combinations. In addition, the references of the found articles were checked. The 14 articles published between 2002–2022 were included. Results and conclusions: Based on this review, the inter-identity amnesia is not objective in DID. Instead, it seems to be subjective and occur in all long-term memory parts. However, DID patients seem to have a distinct simulation style differing from healthy simulators. In addition to the inter-identity amnesia, the long-term memory seems to be impaired in other ways in DID. The most evident impairments in long-term memory in general seem to be that DID patients perform overall worse in all kinds of long-term memory tasks and that they have slower reaction times in semantic and procedural memory tasks. It remains unclear if the other impairments are connected to patients simulating subjective inter-identity amnesia. Subjective inter-identity amnesia and the other impairments of long-term memory should be further studied in everyday life context.