Browsing by Subject "1950-luku"
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(2017)This research focuses on the children's clothing of the 1950's. Especially this research has its focus on the meanings of children's clothes. Children's clothes had not been researched widely before, and there was no research of Finnish children's clothes from the 1950's. The decade was remarkable in the lives of families and children, there was some big changes in society, which had a direct effect on both families and children. Costume research has proven that people use clothes to communicate to one another. This is why it is interesting to research how we can see the changed position of the children in her clothes. I studied 12 clothes from Satakunnan Museo's collections. My aim was to choose clothes that would represent as good as possible the children's fashion of the 1950's. I chose not to research underwear, pyjamas, or accessories like shoes or hats. I created an analyse for this research, where I utilized semiotics, artefacts studies and earlier costume research. Children's position could be seen in many ways in her clothes. Urbanization, school systems generalization, could be seen as formality in the clothes. Also the conservative perspective on families and gender could be seen as differences in the clothes of boys and girls. As medicine and psychology as well as behavioural sciences, developed their theories, started the emphasizing of outdoor activities and playing for children's health. These matters could be seen as loose clothes and material choices. On the other hand no elastic materials were used in the clothes of matter, even though the guide books of raising children up, did recommend elastic materials. This research indicated that the society's and adult's aspects on children, could be seen in her clothes in the 1950's.
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(2016)Change is often viewed as the essence of fashion, but many who operate in the field have observed that certain features and events recur either in a linear, cyclical, swinging or fragmented matter. The purpose of my thesis is to forecast the next 1950s revival by developing and testing a new tool for forecasting. To achieve my goal I examined, if the revivals show common always recurring features and what the similarities and differences are like. I studied the two most recent recurrences in the years 1996 and 2012 by focusing on two retrotrends, apparel and Zeitgeist. The perspective of my thesis was a qualitative and hermeneutic future study. I examined the apparel features with photographs of Chanel's and Dior's collections. For the interpretation of the Zeitgeist factors I used Mitä, missä, milloin -books and collected the research material from the section on culture, news and international politics. For the analysis I employed the hermeneutic circle and two types of qualitative content analysis. On the first round I expanded my pre-understanding and defined the factors with which I grouped, measured and interpreted the material in the content analyses. On rounds two, three and four I analyzed the photographs by applying content analysis of visual images, and examined the text with inductive content analysis. On the fifth and final round I formed the base for my forecast by comparing my expanded understanding and the results of the previous rounds with one another. According to the results the most common characteristic features of the dresses and jackets, in Chanel's and Dior's collections from the years 1996 and 2012, resembled the features of the 1950s. The greatest differences where in the lengths of the sleeves and skirts. All of the Zeitgeist factors recurred in each revival, except for the "racial riots", youth culture and the buy now pay later -mentality. Based on my findings I predict that the common characteristic features of the 1950s apparel and Zeitgeist will recur in the next revival.
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(2016)Goals. The goal of the study was to determine how foodstuffs were advertised in Pirkka magazines during the years 1954-1964. The theoretical framework of the study was that the choice between different foods is a socially and culturally determined phenomenon that can be influenced by nutrition education and advertisement. History of eating in Finland and the nutrition challenges faced during the set time period were also examined in the study. This is to help describe the social and cultural environment as related to food in the examination period. The period was set to approximately ten years after the food rationing ended. Methods. The materials in the study were advertisements in Pirkka magazines that were published between the years 1954-1964. Advertisements were collected from microfilms and from original copies. A total of 510 advertisements of foodstuffs from every other year were chosen as a representation of the total material base. The contents of the advertisements were categorized according to a predetermined set of variables as per the advertisements' references to the product group, persons appearing in the advertisements, and the claims to nutritional qualities and other attributes. The results acquired through the categorization were analyzed through the means of content analysis. Results and conclusions. The advertisements focused on advertising consumer grade stimulants, and processed or new foodstuffs. Common fresh products were not represented in the material. The most advertised products were coffee, wheat flour, oatmeal, margarine, and butter. The advertisement of food stuffs was not directly related to the amount of food-stuffs consumed. Foodstuffs were advertised especially by emphasizing the perceptible quality and healthiness of the product. The healthiness of the product was argued to be associated to its vitamin content. The persons appearing in the advertisement were mostly women and children who were to appeal to the viewers' emotions and to set the target audience. Contemporary nutritional challenges and nutrition discourse were also reflected in the advertisements as nutrition science's period of vitaminology and the rivalry of butter and margarine were observable in them.
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(2011)Aims. The aim of this thesis is to cover Marilyn Monroe's relationship with food as it appears in literature written about her. The study covers the years from 1942 to 1962, when Marilyn was between ages 16 and 36. As an adult, she was responsible for her own food intake. The emphasis of this study is on the following: what kind of food Marilyn ate, how different stages of her life affected her relationship with food, whether the food she ate was made by her or someone else, how interested she was in food, and what kind of food she liked. The historical context is also an important part of this study. Methods. The research material consists of literature written about Marilyn Monroe. This literature was the analyzed using content analysis. The research material was then divided into categories, which are different times of Marilyn's life. Considering the sources was a very important part when gathering material. Results and conclusions. As a result, Marilyn's relationship with food varied during her lifetime. During her first marriage she had to learn to cook for the first time in her life, and thus she sometimes made mistakes. Food was also gathered by hunting and fishing. As a young starlet in Hollywood Marilyn didn't have a lot of money for food, so she ate very little and very inexpensively. As her career progressed she was able to enjoy food more. Marilyn's second husband was from an Italian-American family, and Marilyn learned to cook Italian food and broil steaks. After moving to New York Marilyn often ate at her friends' homes. When she got married for the third time she really wanted to be a good housewife. During this period her cooking improved considerably. She also learned to cook Jewish dishes. After the marriage ended Marilyn was facing the hardest time of her life, until she moved to Los Angeles and bought her own house. She was planning to invite friends over for food and good times, and also said that she enjoyed champagne and good food.
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(2019)In the 1950s, the Finnish diet was still monotonous and scarce, but at the same time sugar, butter and wheat consumption skyrocketed, which resulted in new public health nutrition concerns. Public health nutrition recommendations and nutrition policy practices focused on households and families where the mother was expected to take care of the nutritional status of the family. This master’s thesis seeks to examine how the nutrition promotion was constructed in Finnish Kotiliesi-magazine in the 1950s. The magazine is seen as a setting for nutrition promotion where mothers were educated to maintain the nutrition and health of the family within the broader cause to improve public health. The data was collected from Kotiliesi-magazines from 1950 to 1959 and consisted of all nutrition promotion-related articles (n=235). The qualitative analysis of the data was done by constructing nutrition promotion to different themes based on nutritional knowledge and practical nutrition counselling. Nutrition promotion was analysed using the Foucauldian governmentality framework that combines the knowledge concerning public health, nutrition counselling and individual food behaviour. Category-analysis was used to analyse how housewife’s subjectivity was constructed in the data. Through nutrition promotion, Kotiliesi aimed to improve public health nutrition by maintaining its strengths and preventing its weaknesses. Dietary advice and nutrition counselling were based on a food circle which provided a model for the daily energy intake and protective nutrients. Maintaining adequate vitamin intake throughout the year was an important theme of the promotion. Nutritional significance of regular mealtimes was also strongly emphasised in nutrition promotion. Practical nutrition counselling focused on combining nutrition and house-keeping and educating housewives to nutritionally proper cooking and food preservation. Kotiliesi created a moral image of a proper housewife who takes care of the nutrition and well-being of the family. The study sees the magazine’s nutrition promotion as a form of bio-power that sought to improve public health through self-governance techniques. This study provides new insights into the nutritional challenges of Finnish households in the 1950s and studies nutrition promotion in Finnish family households.
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