Browsing by Subject "creative process"
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(2008)This work studied the creative process of musicians. The subject was chosen partly due to the attention given to creativity in social discussion. The approach was material-based, because during the work it became clear that the theoretical models describing the creative process in general did not provide adequate tools for the examination of musical creation. In this study, the creative process was defined as a process, which generated a work found by the musician novel to him or her. There were two principal research questions: 1) How does the creative process of musicians progress? 2) What makes a process creative? The main emphasis was on the first question, because the study aimed at modeling the creative process of musicians. The material for this study was collected by interviewing five professional musicians, each qualified by an expert of music to be creative. The interviews were thematically linked with each musician's recently implemented creative process. The work generated in the process was used as a stimulant in the interview. The main themes of the interview dealt with the musician's concrete action, cognitive functioning and affective experience during the process. Secondary themes included his or her goals as well as the factors that enhanced or inhibited the process. A material-based analysis was made of the interviews. The conceptualization and modelling of the creative process was founded on a phenomenological-hermeneutic interpretation. In addition to the primary interviews, also supplementary interviews were made in order to ensure that the description of the musician was understood correctly. Further supplementary interviews were made when the material was analyzed and results were deduced. This aimed at increasing the reliability of interpretations and conclusions. The study resulted in a four-level model representing the progress of a creative process. The levels were defined by means of the conception of state. The levels used in defining the process were 1) the state determining the potential of the process, 2) the state delimiting the process, 3) the state orienting the process, and 4) the state determined by the process. The progress of the process was described as changes taking place in the state. It was discovered that the factors having an effect on the creativity of the process were the dynamism of the process, the musician's work in relation to his or her inner standard and the impulses that caused variation in the musician's thinking. The interview method used in this study proved to be a very suitable tool in an examination of a creative process. Thus it may well be applicable in other research contexts associated with creative processes. The outcome of this study, the model of the progress of a creative process, should also provide a feasible basis for the examination of different kinds of creative processes. It enables a comprehensive examination of a creative process, simultaneously justifying the dynamic nature of the process.
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(2017)The learning and teaching of design is a widely researched phenomenon. Designing can be considered either as a cognitive process or from a situational perspective. These two approaches are combined in this study. Designing is defined as a process that includes three stages: the awakening of ideas, the processing of ideas and the verification of ideas. Designing is also understood as a reflective dialogue between the designer and the situation. The purpose of this study is to understand the design process from designers' perspective by identifying facilitators and barriers of the design process. The study also aims to deepen this understanding by exploring how these facilitators and barriers appear in different stages of the design process. The results are used to create a tool that helps to facilitate the design process. All participants in this study were students of Textiles Teacher Education at the University of Helsinki. The data was collected through 40 empathy-based stories and three interviews. The data was analysed using qualitative content analysis and this defines the structure of the study. The study identified 118 facilitators and/or barriers that were categorized into 10 main themes and 2 emotion-related themes. The themes of Design idea and Social space encompassed both facilitators and barriers. The themes of Motivation, Expectations, Time and pressure, Situational constraints, and the Designer's experience of the design process included factors which can act as either barriers or facilitators depending on the situation. The themes of Ways of working and Ways of developing the design included factors that were related to designers' choices which may either facilitate or hinder the design process. The theme of Understanding and reflection was considered as important in facilitating the design process as it did not include any factors which could hinder the process. The two emotion-related themes included both individual factors and situational factors. These emotional factors are either facilitators or barriers of the design process. The quantification of the qualitative data showed that some of the facilitators and barriers appear differently during different stages of the design process. Based on the findings of this study, a tool to facilitate the design process was created.
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