Browsing by Subject "vaikuttavuus"
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(2015)Aphasia is often a chronic impairment. Regaining the premorbid language function is rare. Anomia is the most common residual disorder once the aphasia has stabilized. Earlier studies indicate that transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS, repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation) together with intensive speech therapy improves the outcome of the language rehabilitation. The aim of the current study was to find out what kinds of quantitative and qualitative changes occur in the participants' ability to name noun and verb pictures that were shown during the rTMS/sham-rTMS protocol. All of the participants received two weeks of either rTMS or sham-rTMS treatment and after a one-week break another two weeks of either rTMS or sham- rTMS treatment together with intensive group speech therapy (ILAT, Intensive Language Action Therapy). This is a multiple case study with six participants that have chronic expressive aphasia. The first two groups of a larger study were selected into this study. Group 1 (n=3) received 1Hz- rTMS therapy and group 2 (n=3) received sham-rTMS. rTMS was given to the right hemisphere on the pars triangularis area. Every participant named the same amount of action and object pictures during the rTMS/sham-rTMS treatment. Namings were analysed with a rating system derived for the current study. Each participant received intensive group speech therapy in the latter two-week part of the intervention. Language testing was conducted before, during and three months after the intervention. The naming abilities in all participants seemed to improve in both noun and verb series during the rTMS/sham-rTMS treatment and language tests. Results of the follow-up testing suggest that the positive results are long lasting. The results of this study are promising, even though the amount of participants is too small to draw further conclusions. This study brings positive evidence and reason for further research on the effectiveness of aphasia therapy.
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(2011)Objective The objective of this study was to learn about the psychosocial well-being and life management of Finnish adults with late deafness or hearing loss and to observe the effectiveness of the rehabilitation courses they participated in. Methods For my study I used indicators which were suitable for the evaluation of life management and psychosocial well-being of late-deafened adults. The first part of the study was conducted during 2009 as a questionnaire on three rehabilitation courses in Kopola, a course center of the Finnish Federation of Hard of Hearing. The follow-up study was done at the third period of the courses during 2009 2010. The questionnaire contained both open and structured questions. The questionnaire consisted of five areas concerning life management and psychosocial well-being: sense of coherence (life management), human relations and social support, mood, self-esteem and satisfaction with life. I also asked the participants to reflect on their experiences of group rehabilitation. Results and conclusions The participants consisted of seven women and three men. They were approximately 63 years old and were all retired. Loss of hearing was described to have affected their social life, free time, and in general made their lives more difficult. From the course the participants hoped to gain new skills such as signed speech and lip-reading, uplift their mood, accept their loss of hearing and experience peer support. After the courses they replied that they had more close relations with whom they also were a little more in contact with. More participants were satisfied with e.g. their ability to take care of themselves, their free time, financial situation, family life, mental resources and physical shape. Majority of the participants showed symptoms of depression when the courses started, but at the end of the courses these signs had moderated or disappeared for most of them. The participants felt that during the rehabilitation they had been heard, respected, accepted and been taken care of. The course provided the possibility for confiding, and the discussions gave the participants support and consolidation. In conclusion, the course affected positively on the acclimatization to the hearing loss and the empowerment of the participants. The results of this study can be utilized in disability services, the development of rehabilitation and in the social- and health services of senior citizens.
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(2022)Observing children’s point of view has recently become more essential in the development of services that they use. The aim to participate children in the development process has generated a new educational need for professionals. Online training program Katsele palveluita lapsen silmin by the Finnish branch of organisation Save the Children International aspired to supply this need by offering knowledge and tools for implementing service design that takes children and their views and opinions into consideration. The training was designed to suit the needs of professionals who work with services used by children. This study aims to examine how the online training program supports learning and helps participants develop their skills that are essential when working towards participatory design with children. A training evaluation model is used to examine the research problem. This study was conducted with qualitative methods. The research data was collected by a questionnaire and thematic interviews. 35 participants who had enrolled with the training program answered the questionnaire and five of them were interviewed. The data was analysed using the principles of thematic analysis within a theoretical framework. The participants had a positive reaction towards the training program. They were mainly satisfied with the training program because it took their own educational needs well into consideration in the content and the implementation parts of the training program. Changes in the participants’ attitudes toward the use of participatory design methods were observable. In addition, the participants expressed personal development in their knowledge and skills concerning the training’s topics. Training transfer emerged both in thought and in action, and showed up in changes regarding participants’ work, especially through experiments carried out during the training. This improved the quality of their work and increased the level of taking children’s view into account. Finally, the effectiveness of the training is seen as strengthening participation and agency of children using the services as a part of service design.
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(2015)Objective: Previous studies suggest that outcomes in aphasia therapy are not often routinely measured in the clinical practice. On the other hand, there has been little research on the views of speech and language therapists (SLT) on the outcome evaluation. The objective of this study was to gather information about the opinions of SLT's when it comes to the role, need and value of the outcome evaluation in the clinical practice. Methods: A conceptual framework called theory of alignment was used in this study. The data were collected by interviewing ten SLTs practicing aphasia therapy. The interviews were transcribed and the data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results and conclusions: According to the results SLTs evaluate the outcomes of aphasia therapy for themselves, for the patients and their significant others and for external stakeholders. The role of the outcome evaluation is different depending on the stakeholder needing evaluation. SLTs may consider routine evaluation of the outcomes unnecessary since the different stakeholders do not always create a need for the outcome evaluation. When it comes to the outcomes of aphasia therapy, STLs found it important to get information on their patient's improvement in different contexts. SLTs also valued other persons' opinions of the outcomes as well as information on the patient's symptoms and their further need for aphasia therapy. Furthermore, SLTs considered that the extent and form of information were important when assessing outcomes. Acknowledging the views of SLTs on the outcome evaluation may help to develop the evaluation practices by resolving some problems relating to the evaluation. In case the routine evaluation of outcomes is desired nationally in aphasia therapy, the SLTs should find that there are different stakeholders needing evaluation for a certain reason. When new tests and assessment tools are developed and translated into Finnish language, it should be considered that they will provide information SLTs find worth collecting.
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