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Browsing by Subject "http://www.yso.fi/onto/mesh/D003528"

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  • Incidence and long-term outcomes of surgically treated childhood hepatic malignancies in Finland 
    Tiusanen, Toivo; Hukkinen, Maria; Leskinen, Outi; Soini, Tea; Kanerva, Jukka; Jahnukainen, Timo; Mäkisalo, Heikki; Heikinheimo, Markku; Pakarinen, Mikko (2019)
    Aim: To analyse incidence, treatment and outcomes of paediatric liver malignancies in Finland during 1987‐2017. Methods: Medical records and national cancer registry data of 47 children with liver malignancies were reviewed. Survival was calculated with the Kaplan‐Meier method. Results: During follow‐up, liver malignancy incidence remained stable at 1.1:10^6. Altogether, 42 patients with hepatoblastoma (n = 24), hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 11) and undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma (n = 7) underwent surgery at median age 4.6 (interquartile range, 2.0‐9.6) years and were followed up for 13 (7.0‐19) years. Cumulative 5‐year survival was 86% for hepatoblastoma, 41% for hepatocellular carcinoma and 67% for undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma. Five‐year survival was decreased among hepatoblastoma patients aged ≥ 2.4 years (73% versus 100%, P = .040), with PRETreatment EXTent of disease IV (PRETEXT, 60% vs 100%,P = .004), and with recurrent disease (67% vs 88%, P = .029). Recurrent/residual disease associated with decreased 5‐year survival in hepatocellular carcinoma (0% vs83%, P = .028). Survival was similar among 19 transplanted and 23 resected patients. In total, 14 deaths occurred either for the underlying malignancy (n = 8), adverse effects of chemotherapy (n = 5) or unrelated reasons (n = 1). Conclusion: Outcomes for PRETEXT I‐III hepatoblastoma and un‐metastasized hepatocellular carcinoma were encouraging. Adverse effects of chemotherapy significantly contributed to mortality.
  • The prognostic significance of tall cells in papillary thyroid carcinoma 
    Stenman, Sebastian; Siironen, Päivi; Mustonen, Harri; Lundin, Johan; Haglund, Caj; Arola, Johanna (2018)
    Background The subtype of the papillary thyroid carcinoma tall cell variant (TCV) has a worse prognosis than does the conventional papillary type (PTC). The new WHO 2017 classification defines a TCV as a tumor consisting of over 30% of cells that are two or three times as tall as they are wide. However, thresholds have differed. Our aim was to study how tall cells affect the prognosis of PTC patients and to determine, for such cells, a cut-off percentage. Methods Our cohort included 65 PTC patients who underwent surgery at Helsinki University Hospital between 1973 and 1996: originally 36 otherwise-matched patient pairs, eventually comprising 34 patients with an adverse outcome and 31 who had recovered. All samples were digitally scanned and scored by two investigators based on tall cell composition. The cohort was analyzed with four tall cell (TC) thresholds: 10%, 30%, 50%, and 70% with a median follow-up of 22 years. Results In survival analysis, only the 70% threshold showed a correlation with reduced overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and relapse-free survival (RFS). A correlation also emerged with death from PTC. In a multivariate analysis, a 70% cut-off and age at diagnosis significantly affected DSS. Conclusion A TC composition of 10%, 30%, or 50% showed no correlation with adverse outcome, and suggests that a 70% threshold should be the choice of pathologists reporting TCV. Our results thus fail to support the new WHO classification.
  • TLR2 and TLR4 predict favorable prognosis in local pancreatic cancer 
    Lanki, Mira; Seppänen, Hanna; Mustonen, Harri; Böckelman, Camilla; Juuti, Anne; Hagström, Jaana; Haglund, Caj (2018)
    BACKGROUND: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an essential role in our innate immune system and are a focus of interest in contemporary cancer research. Thus far, TLRs have shown promising prognostic value in carcinomas of the oral cavity, colon, and ovaries, but the role of TLRs in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) awaits exploration. We set out to investigate whether TLR expression could serve in prognostic evaluation in PDAC, as well. METHODS: Our study comprised 154 stage I – III PDAC patients surgically treated at Helsinki University Hospital between 2000 and 2011. Patients who received neoadjuvant therapy were excluded. Tissue microarrays and immunohistochemistry allowed assessment of the expression of TLR2 and TLR4 in PDAC tissue, and we matched staining results against clinicopathological parameters using Fischer's test. For survival analysis, we used the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test, and the Cox regression proportional hazard model for univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: Strong TLR2 expression was observable in 51 (34%) and strong TLR4 in 50 (33%) patients. Overall, neither marker showed any direct coeffect on survival. However, strong TLR2 expression predicted better survival when tumor size was less than 30 mm (HR=0.32; 95% CI 0.13 – 0.75; p=0.009), and strong TLR4 expression predicted better survival in patients with lymph-node-negative disease (HR=0.21; 95% CI 0.07 – 0.65; p=0.006). CONCLUSION: We found strong TLR2 and TLR4 expression to be independent factors of better prognosis in PDAC patients with stage I-II disease.

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