Browsing by Subject "ympäristö"

The study investigated whether energy poverty exists in Finland, and if so, under what conditions. The aim was also to investigate the reasons behind geographical differences. In addition to the geographical analysis, the study focused on the differences in electricity consumption between socio-economic groups. The aim was to investigate the differences in electricity consumption for different variables and how to tackle the globally growing energy poverty in Finland. The study aimed to find out whether energy poverty is associated with inequality in Finland. The research method was statistical analysis of household electricity consumption. The research style was descriptive statistical analysis. The study combined three different datasets and mainly used Excel to process and analyse the data. All Finnish households were used as the observation unit in the analysis of the results. The energy poverty threshold used in the study is 10% of electricity costs as a share of household disposable income. The results highlighted the importance of the type of dwelling when adjusting household electricity costs. The study found a strong correlation between electricity costs and energy poverty. This was also evident when examining regional differences, with low density residential areas emerging significantly as an area at risk of energy poverty. Geographically, these areas were located in Northern and Eastern Finland. Another significant finding from the results was the concentration of energy poverty in the lowest income bracket. However, the other income groups were very evenly distributed, as shown, for example, by the fact that energy poverty was also found in the highest income group. A key finding of the study was that the causes of energy poverty in Finland and around the world are different. In Finland, unlike in other countries, the impact of the type of housing on energy poverty was particularly pronounced. The results of the study suggest that energy poverty will have a multiplier effect on inequality, which will be more pronounced in areas with low population density. Further research on this topic would be important to explore the link between inequality and energy poverty in more detail.

This research will study commercial field students' relationship with nature and how it affects their sense of responsibility. The aim is to find out what the students' relationship with nature is like, whether it has a connection to a sense of responsibility and whether the background factors have an effect on the relationship with nature. The issue is topical, as life on Earth is threatened by many environmental problems, such as climate change, the loss of biodiversity and the over-consumption of natural resources. As a result of urbanization, people can somehow become estranged from nature. We need more information about the background factors of our relationship with nature and the connection with a sense of responsibility. Maybe that will help us to maintain our relationship with nature and take responsibility for our environment. Based on previous research, it seems that the more distant a person experiences nature, the less he appreciates it and wants to take care of its well-being. The relationship with nature is always a subjective experience; an individual experiences his relationship with nature differently depending on the experiences, feelings and attitudes towards being in nature and towards it.In the study, I used the Nature Relatedness (NR) Scale to measure the nature relationship. Responsibility refers to a person's responsibility for the effects of his or her actions on, for example, the environment and society. This study focuses on a sense of responsibility; how a person feels responsible. The sense of responsibility was measured with the Responsibility scale (RS). The study was carried out in collaboration with the Ruralia Institute of the University of Helsinki. The data was collected in the autumn 2020. Students were told that the purpose of the survey was to research their relationship with nature and their views on the use of state hiking areas and national parks. Data was collected from 246 Finnish business schools students with the electronic survey. In the analysis of the data, the average sum variables were created from the responses of the survey in order to obtain figures describing the nature relatedness and responsibility for each respondent. The correlation between the nature relatedness and the sense of responsibility was then examined using linear regression. Background variable analyzes were performed using the Mann-Whitney U test and cross-tabulation. The study found a positive correlation between the nature relatedness and the sense of responsibility, making students with a stronger nature relatedness also feel more responsible. Background variable studies revealed that women have a slightly better level of nature relatedness than men. In addition, respondents born before the 1990s were found to have a higher level of nature relatedness. However due to the small number of respondents in older age groups, no more precise conclusions could be drawn. The results are similar to those obtained in previous environmental studies. Although a correlation was found between the nature relatedness and the sense of responsibility, the sense of responsibility does not necessarily tell anything about responsible behavior. New ways should be found to explore the connection bet-ween the sense of responsibility and behavior towards nature. More information would also be needed on how various background factors, such as childhood residence, will affect on the relationship with nature. As people's relationships with nature develops throughout life, information on the cause-and-effect relationship between nature relatedness and responsibility could be used even more in the environmental education of not only children but also adults, too.

Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää kuluttajien käsityksiä ympäristöystävällisestä ruokavaliosta sekä suhtautumista kasvisruokaan ja kasviproteiineihin. Erityisesti tutkimuksessa kiinnitettiin huomiota siihen, mikä on ruoan ympäristövaikutusten merkitys ruokaa valittaessa. Tämän lisäksi haluttiin selvittää, kuinka kuluttajien asenteet ja arvot mahdollisesti vaikuttavat ruoan valintaan. Selvittämällä kuluttajien ruoan valinnan taustalla vaikuttavia arvoja ja asenteita saatiin selville kuluttajien kasvisruokaan ja kasviproteiineihin liittämiä käsityksiä. Tutkimuksen lähestymistapa oli kvalitatiivinen tutkimus ja tutkimusmenetelmänä käytettiin teemahaastattelua. Teemahaastattelujen avulla haluttiin selvittää kasvisruokavalioon liitettäviä käsityksiä ja suhtautumista sekä näihin vaikuttavia arvoja ja asenteita. Tarkoituksena oli saada tietoa ja ymmärrystä, siitä millaisia tulkintoja ympäristöystävälliseen ruokavalioon liitetään ja miten ne vaikuttavat ruoan valintaan. Tutkimuksessa haastateltiin yhtätoista eri-ikäistä kuluttajaa. Haastattelurunko muodostettiin teoreettisen viitekehyksen pohjalta. Tutkimuksen teoreettinen viitekehys rakentui ostopäätösprosessista sekä ruoan valinnan erityispiirteistä. Tällä pyrittiin tarkastelemaan ruoan valinnan kokonaisuutta ja valintahetkeen vaikuttavia tekijöitä. Tutkimuksen perusteella kasvisruokavalioon sekä uusiin kasviproteiinituotteisiin suhtaudutaan pääosin positiivisesti. Tiedon ja tietoisuuden lisääntyessä myös ympäristö näkyy aiempaa enemmän ruokaan liitettävissä arvoissa ja asenteissa. Kuitenkaan kaikkien kohdalla ajatukset ja toiminta eivät vielä kohtaa ruokaa ostaessa. Tiedon määrän kasvu ja tietoisuuden lisääntyminen ovat toisaalta luoneet myös epävarmuutta valintoihin sekä siihen, mihin tietoon voi luottaa. Tämän tutkimuksen perusteella suurimpia esteitä kasvisruokavalion noudattamiselle oli sen koettu vaikeus. Liharuoat koetaan helppoina ja turvallisina vaihtoehtoina, kun taas tieto ja taito valmistaa kasvisruokia voivat olla puutteelliset. Lihan hyvä maku ja rakenne nousivat vahvasti esiin, kun pohdittiin lihan korvaamista kasviproteiineilla.